Polyethylene‐based Bio‐ and Nanocomposites for Packaging Applications

Zapata, Paula Andrea; Palza, Humberto

doi:10.1002/9781119038467.ch10

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Examples of antimicrobial nanoparticles used as fillers are silver [ 8 ]; copper [ 9 ]; and, recently, TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles [ 10 , 11 ], which have been incorporated into polyolefins such as polyethylene. From the different polymer matrices, polyolefins such as polyethylene are highlighted due to their broad range of applications in packaging and medicines [ 12 ]. However, these nanoparticles have some disadvantages; authors have reported that the silver, copper, and ZnO nanoparticles have shown cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, affecting different types of cells [ 13 ], and that TiO 2 nanoparticles require external stimulus, such as UV irradiation, in order to obtain antimicrobial properties [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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Low-density polyethylene composites containing different sizes of calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles were obtained by melt mixing. The CaO nanoparticles were synthesized by either the sol-gel or sonication methods, obtaining two different sizes: ca. 55 nm and 25 nm. These nanoparticles were used either as-synthesized or were modified organically on the surface with oleic acid (Mod-CaO), at concentrations of 3, 5, and 10 wt% in the polymer. The Mod-CaO nanoparticles of 25 nm can act as nucleating agents, increasing the polymer’s crystallinity. The Young’s Modulus increased with the Mod-CaO nanoparticles, rendering higher reinforcement effects with an increase as high as 36%. The reduction in Escherichia coli bacteria in the nanocomposites increased with the amount of CaO nanoparticles, the size reduction, and the surface modification. The highest antimicrobial behavior was found in the composites with a Mod-CaO of 25 nm, presenting a reduction of 99.99%. This strong antimicrobial effect can be associated with the release of the Ca2+ from the composites, as studied for the composite with 10 wt% nanoparticles. The ion release was dependent on the size of the nanoparticles and their surface modification. These findings show that CaO nanoparticles are an excellent alternative as an antimicrobial filler in polymer nanocomposites to be applied for food packaging or medical devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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“…In this context, polyethylene (PE) composites appear as viable materials aimed at improving the behavior of traditional PE films. The products used as antimicrobial packaging materials are essential oils or metal particles [7]. Several studies have been reported based on polyethylene as a matrix with the incorporation of organic and inorganic nanoparticles as active agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicides Films of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Inclusion Complexes (Carvacrol and Cinnamaldehyde) Against Botrytis Cinerea

et al. 2019

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Low density polyethylene (LDPE) films were prepared with the incorporation of natural agents (carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldehyde) by the melting process. The co-precipitation method was used successfully to complex the carvacrol or trans-cinnamaldehyde with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The active compounds encapsulated in β-CD achieved ca. 90% encapsulation efficiency (E.E.). The inclusion complex studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) found particles of different sizes, ca. 4 μm. The active compounds were added directly (1 and 5 wt %) into the polymer matrix, yielding LDPE + carvacrol and LDPE + cinnamaldehyde films. The active compounds encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were added to LDPE, yielding LDPE + β-CD-carvacrol and LDPE + β-CD-cinnamaldehyde films. The incorporation of carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldehyde, and their corresponding inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin, did not affect the thermal properties of LDPE. The microcapsules distributed in all polymer matrices had sizes of 5–20 μm as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In terms of mechanical properties, the polymers showed a slight decrease of Young’s modulus (12%) and yield stress compared (14%) to neat LDPE. This could be due to the essential oil acting as a plasticizer in the polymer matrix. The LDPE + carvacrol and LDPE + cinnamaldehyde films had the capacity to inhibit fungi by 99% compared to neat LDPE. The effectiveness against fungi of LDPE+β-CD + active agent was slower than by the direct incorporation of the essential oil in the LDPE in the same amount of active agent. The biocidal properties were related to the gradual release of active compound from the polymer. The results confirm the applicability of carvacrol, trans-cinnamaldehyde, and their corresponding inclusion complexes in active packaging, as well as their use in the food delivery industry.

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Resistance of packaging against infestation by Sitophilus zeamais

Brodnjak

Jordan

Trematerra

2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummaryThe results of infestation by maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), in different packaging filled with pasta are presented in this research. Three different types of packaging were used, that is, two paper tubes (one novel, laminated with bio‐based polyethylene and one without lamination) and commercial polypropylene, pillow pouch packaging. Material properties such as grammage, thickness, surface analysis, moisture and water resistance, tensile and compressive strength were analysed. Improved compressive strength, moisture and water resistance were detected at the bio‐polyethylene laminated tube packaging (approx. 30%), compared to the non‐laminated sample. The obtained results demonstrated that adult maize weevils revealed significant preferences to enter the pasta packages through the already existing holes which were in the polypropylene packaging, while no infestation was observed inside the packages at the paper tube packaging. The study revealed that the shape and construction, for example, tube packaging with an innovative bio‐polyethylene film, are very effective regarding insect infestation and mechanical overloads.

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Polyethylene‐based Bio‐ and Nanocomposites for Packaging Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 83 publications

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

Mechanical and Antimicrobial Polyethylene Composites with CaO Nanoparticles

Fungicides Films of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)/Inclusion Complexes (Carvacrol and Cinnamaldehyde) Against Botrytis Cinerea

Resistance of packaging against infestation by Sitophilus zeamais

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