Polygalacturonase activity and location in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots of Allium porrum L.

Purification and characterization of a β‐1,4‐endoxylanase from the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus Hymenoscyphus ericae

“…As has been frequently emphasized (e.g. Cairney & Burke, 1994,1996Varma & Bonfante, 1994), the controlled nature of mycorrhizal infection implies strict regulation of wall-degrading enzyme activities at the fungus-root interface, and there is good evidence that polygalacturonase activity is regulated in arbuscular mycorrhizal associations (Peretto et al, 1995). It is not yet known if this endoxylanase is similarly regulated, though the persistence of the mycorrhizal association militates against unregulated expression of an activity so destructive of plant polymeric material.…”

Piriformospora indica: An Axenically Culturable Mycorrhiza-Like Endosymbiotic Fungus

“…There is now evidence that the penetration of roots by endomycorrhizal fungi involves low and regulated production of a combination of cell walldegrading hydrolytic enzymes leading to an organised colonisation of the plant root (Blilou et al 1996). Investigations have demonstrated the production of pectinase, cellulase, xylanase and chitinase (Garcia-Romera et al 1990, 1991a,b, 1996Varma and Bonfante 1994;Perotto et al 1995aPerotto et al ,b, 1997 from the hyphae and mycorrhized roots. It seems that mycorrhizal fungi colonise the root tissues of their host plant by a combination of mechanical and enzymatic mechanisms (Bonfante and Perotto 1995;Gianinazzi-Pearson et al 1996).…”

Use of Molecular Cytology to Study the Structure and Biology of Phytopathogenic and Mycorrhizal Fungi

“…Indeed in this system, the composition of the interfacial material correlated with that of the cell wall of the specific cell type infected in a number of plants (Balestrini et al, 1996), although the components were not associated into a functional cell wall (Bonfante-Fasolo et al, 1990b). It has been suggested that the loose structure of the matrix may be due to the action of polygalacturonase which has been shown to be present in the interfacial zone and which is thought to be secreted by the fungus (Peretto et al, 1995).…”