Polygermoxanes suitable for biochemical purposes: II Linear trigermoxanes (high‐viscosity oils)

Abstract

Linear trigermoxanes, R'R:GeOGe(R3),0GeR:R', a new series of organogermanium compounds, were synthesized by reaction of a lithium organogermanolate with a suitable organogermanium dihalide. With alkyl or phenyl substituents, these trigermoxanes are structurally unstable viscous oils, due to redistribution reactions. When R3 substituents are bulky groups, such as mesityl, trigermoxanes are thermally and structurally stable oils; depending on the R' and R2 substituents their viscosities lie in the range 240 to more than 1500 cPo (mPa s) at 20 "C. When both terminal germanium atoms are substituted with two mesityl groups, trigermoxanes are stable glassy solids.

Reactivity Studies of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Germanium(II)

“…Removal of the hexanes yielded a colorless residue identified as 24 (0.08 g, 70%). The identity of 24 was confirmed by comparison of the 1 H NMR spectral data and EI/MS data to the literature values …”

“…Complex 23 [I] reacts rapidly with CDCl 3 , resulting in dissociation of the carbene moiety and the quantitative formation of 24 , which was subsequently characterized (Scheme ) . Overall, the methylation of 3 followed by chlorination to give 24 is the synthetic equivalent of the insertion of GeMes 2 into MeCl, an otherwise difficult transformation to perform with a transient germylene.…”

New Ceramics Precursors Containing Si and Ge Atoms—Cubic Germasilsesquioxanes—Synthesis, Thermal Decomposition and Spectroscopic Analysis

“…Germasiloxane motifs can be seen as the resultant of siloxane (Si-O-Si) and germoxane (Ge-O-Ge) units in terms of their reactivity and other properties. Germoxanes are analogs of higher molecular weight siloxanes that contain much more reactive linkages than siloxanes; they also show high refractive index values, low dielectric constants, and biocompatibility [11,12]. Compounds with the Si-O-Ge bonds exhibit intermediate properties.…”

Structural Motifs in Aryl Organogermanium Ge-O Derivatives for Material Design

“…Thus, the pentacyclic germasilsesquioxane cage may behave as a zeolite analog to form an inclusion compound with anions (usually with fluorides F − ) [11,12], while other germanates may form complexes with metal cations [13], or provide ionic liquids [14], organo-inorganic frameworks [15], nanoporous materials [16], reagents in organic synthesis (in different cross-coupling reactions) [17,18], and biologically active substances [19]. Furthermore, compounds with Ge-O-Ge building blocks may behave as highly viscous biocompatible oils [20], ligands for transition metal ions [21], optical temperature [22] or organic vapor [23] sensors, Lewis acids, and catalysts. The problem underlying the directed synthesis of Ge-O-Ge-type compounds, and in establishing their properties and mechanisms of formation deserves significant attention.…”