Polygyny and Fertility Differentials among the Yoruba of Western Nigeria

Ahmed, Jelaludin

doi:10.1017/s0021932000006507

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Nous n'avons pas pu disposer de données sur le taux de polygamie dans la population générale sénégalaise. Au Nigéria, une étude réalisée dans l'ouest du pays ayant inclus 5 874 femmes avec 46 % de polygame n'avait pas retrouvé de différence sur le plan de la fertilité entre les femmes dont les maris sont polygames par rapport aux monogames [11]. En effet, la conception générale faisant de la femme la première mise en cause, l'autre conjoint aura toujours tendance à se trouver d'autres partenaires en vue de donner les preuves de sa fécondité à la communauté.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Profil épidémiologique et clinique de l’infertilité masculine à l’hôpital général de Grand-Yoff, Sénégal: à propos de 492 cas

Niang

Labou

Jalloh

et al. 2009

Basic Clin. Androl.

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Objectif : Décrire le profil général de l'infertilité masculine, au Sénégal, en milieu hospitalier. Matériels et méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective, descriptive, portant sur 492 dossiers de patients vus en consultation pour infertilité conjugale du couple entre 2000 et 2004. L'ensemble des paramètres étudiés portait sur les éléments cliniques et les explorations paracliniques.Résultats : L'âge moyen des patients était de 39 ans. La durée d'évolution de l'infertilité était en moyenne de six ans. L'infertilité était de type primaire dans 66,5 % des cas. Sur le plan clinique, la varicocèle était l'anomalie la plus souvent retrouvée, soit dans 64,6 % des cas. Le spermogramme était perturbé dans 84,3 % des cas. Les principales perturbations étaient une oligospermie inférieure à 5 millions de spermatozoïdes/ml (35,6 %) et une azoospermie dans 28,6 % des cas. Conclusion : Le profil général de l'infertilité est polymorphe. L'exploration est limitée par la non-disponibilité de la partenaire et l'absence de coordination entre gynéco-logues et andrologues. L'amélioration de la prise en charge de l'infertilité doit passer par de nouvelles voies de recherche, notamment génétiques et immunologiques, afin d'identifier les causes habituellement cachées de l'infertilité. Elle doit aussi reposer sur une bonne collaboration entre praticiens de santé de la reproduction et la mise en place d'unités d'assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP). Mots clés Infertilité masculine · Azoospermie · VaricocèleAbstract Objectives: To describe the general profile of male infertility in Senegal in a hospital setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out concerning the medical records of 492 patients treated for infertility between 2000 and 2004. The data concerned included clinical, laboratory and radiological investigation results. Results: Mean age of patients was 39 years. The mean duration of the infertility was 6 years. The infertility was primary in 66.5% of cases. Clinically, varicocele was the most common anomaly with 64.6% of cases. Seminal fluid analysis was abnormal in 84.3% of cases. The main anomalies were oligospermia with a count less than 5 million cells/ml in 35.6% of cases and azoospermia in 28.6% of cases. Conclusion: The general profile of infertility is diverse. Exploration is limited by the non-availability of the sexual partner and the lack of coordination between gynaecologists and andrologists. New approaches, including genetic and immunologic research, could help improve management, by finding causes of infertility that are usually hidden. Collaboration between health professionals to create medically assisted conception units could also improve its management.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Profil épidémiologique et clinique de l’infertilité masculine à l’hôpital général de Grand-Yoff, Sénégal: à propos de 492 cas

Niang

Labou

Jalloh

et al. 2009

Basic Clin. Androl.

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“…Because second and later wives are often older at marriage than monogamous women, this factor explains at least some of their reduced number of children (Ahmed, 1986;Bean and Mineau, 1986;Smith and Kunz, 1976). Second and later wives were several years older on average when they married, and this likely contributed to the difference we saw in number of children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Second and later polygynous wives were significantly older than monogamous women on average when they married (24.17 ± 1.302, n = 140, vs. 20.05 ± 1.375, n = 48, P = 0.0022). This probably reduced the completed fertility of second and later wives somewhat (Ukaegubu, 1977;Ahmed, 1986;Bean and Mineau, 1986), but other factors must also have contributed. Figure 3 shows the age-specific fertility (ASF) of monogamous and second and later polygynous women.…”

Section: Does Polygyny Reduce Fertility?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does polygyny reduce fertility?

Josephson

2002

American J Hum Biol

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Polygyny can increase, decrease, or have no effect on fertility. Understanding how this can occur requires consideration of both the proximate determinants of fertility and the ultimate effects of polygyny as a female reproductive strategy. Several factors reduced the fertility of polygynous women in 19th century Utah, including marrying at an older age, marrying older men, and conflict between co-wives. Sterility did not explain the reduced number of children in polygynous women, nor is there evidence of a "dilution effect" from sharing a husband. If women could anticipate a reduction in their own fertility, why would they still choose polygyny? Evidence suggests that they chose it because the children of polygynous men had increased fertility, high enough to offset the low fertility of polygynous women themselves.

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“…2 Findings of field studies and research based on micro-data are more suggestive concerning the role of women in the transition. For example, study of Ahmed (1986) on Yoruba women in Western Nigeria shows that women's education and the occupation of women's parents have a strong influence on the type of marriage women enter. Comparing the differential impact of individual characteristics on the type of marriage women enter, he finds that higher educated women are less likely to be involved in a polygynous union, and the higher the occupational level of a woman's parents, the less likely she is to marry a polygynist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise of monogamy

Citci

2014

SERIEs

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Why has polygyny, marriage of a man to multiple women, common in most societies throughout history, almost disappeared in modern industrialized countries? Do women play a role in its disappearance? A simple theoretical model suggests that at the later stage of the transition from polygyny to monogamy, the spread of human capital and the increase of labor income have led to the rise of monogamy. A general equilibrium model of the marriage market illustrates that the spread of human capital results in an increase in women's income opportunities and lowers the importance of bequests in determining their sons' incomes. Both effects improve women's outside option, mating monogamously, and decrease the marginal benefit of the economic advantages provided by polygynous unions. This, in turn, reduces polygyny by increasing the cost of polygynous mating for men. When the human capital level is sufficiently high, men find it optimal to marry monogamously instead of bearing the high cost of polygynous mating.

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Polygyny and Fertility Differentials among the Yoruba of Western Nigeria

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Profil épidémiologique et clinique de l’infertilité masculine à l’hôpital général de Grand-Yoff, Sénégal: à propos de 492 cas

Profil épidémiologique et clinique de l’infertilité masculine à l’hôpital général de Grand-Yoff, Sénégal: à propos de 492 cas

Does polygyny reduce fertility?

The rise of monogamy

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