“…5,6 Very recently, novel 2D materials such as ZIFs, transition metal oxides (TMOs) and composites have been extensively applied in passively mode-locked laser experiments. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Dong et al successfully obtained a 1 mm passively mode-locked laser with TiO 2 /CuO composite SAs, indicating their great potentials in ultrafast laser modulation. 9 Among them, for 2 mm solidstate lasers, only graphene and Bi 2 O 2 Se have successfully been used to achieve CWML laser operation.…”