Polylactides ‐ degradable polymers for fibres and films

Meinander, Kerstin; Niemi, Maria; Hakola, Jyrki S.; Selin, Johan-Fredrik

doi:10.1002/masy.19971230115

Cited by 69 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To replace the polyolefins in these applications with PLA, film extrusion of the polymer has to be performed, but because of the brittleness and thermal instability of PLA, this is a difficult process. 3 Another disadvantage with PLA is that the barrier properties (e.g., the water vapor barrier) are not as good as for the traditional polyolefins. The brittleness of the PLA film, however, constitutes the major problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of plasticizers on the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)

Ljungberg

Wesslén

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

377

266

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was blended with five plasticizers in a batchwise mixer and pressed into films. The films were analyzed by means of dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry to investigate the properties of the blends. Triacetine and tributyl citrate proved to be effective as plasticizers when blended with PLA. The glass transition temperature of PLA decreased linearly as the plasticizer content was increased. Both plasticizers were miscible with PLA to an extent of ϳ 25 wt %. At this point, the PLA seemed to be saturated with plasticizer and the blends tended to phase separate when more plasticizer was added. There were also signs of phase separation occurring in samples heated at 35, 50, and 80°C, most likely because of the material undergoing crystallization. The presence of the plasticizers induced an increased crystallinity by enhancing the molecular mobility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of plasticizers on the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)

Ljungberg

Wesslén

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

377

266

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“…It has become an economically viable commodity plastic in industry and is employed to produce flexible packaging films for the food packaging industry, in addition to the common-use articles such as trays and bottles etc. [10][11][12]. However, there are some limitations to PLLA usage in the packaging industry, which include low thermal stability, medium gas-barrier properties and brittleness [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and morphological properties of high density polyethylene and polylactide blends

Madhu

Bhunia

Bajpai

et al. 2014

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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Polyblend films were prepared from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) up to 20% PLLA by the melt blending method in an extrusion mixer with post-extrusion blown film attachment. The 80/20 (HDPE/PLLA) blend was compatibilized with maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MA) in varying ratios [up to 8 parts per hundred of resin (phr)]. Tensile properties of the films were evaluated to obtain optimized composition for packaging applications of both non-compatibilized and compatibilized blends. The compositions HDPE80 (80% HDPE and 20% PLLA) and HD80C4 (80% HDPE, 20% PLLA and 4 phr compatibilizer) were found to be optimum for packaging applications. However, better tensile strength (at yield) and elongation (at break) of 80/20 (HDPE/PLLA) blend were noticed in the presence of PE-g-MA. Further, thermal properties and morphologies of these blends were evaluated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study revealed that blending does not much affect the crystalline melting point of HDPE and PLLA, but heat of fusion of 80/20 (HDPE/PLLA) blend was decreased as compared to that of neat HDPE. Spectroscopy studies showed evidence of the introduction of some new groups in the blends and gaining compatibility in the presence of PE-g-MA. The compatibilizer influenced the morphology of the blends, as apparent from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and supported by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).

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“…Biodegradable properties Introduction Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is commonly known for its biocompatible, biodegradable, and renewable characteristics, and is highly accepted as an environmentally friendly material that is used for several blown film and injected commodity products. However, PLA is a relatively brittle polymer with low deformation at break [1][2][3], and is difficult for film blowing, especially for high tear strength blown films. The intrinsic difficulty for film-blowing PLA is assumed to be because of its relatively short chain lengths and easy decomposition character that cannot allow the PLA molecules to blow and stretch to high blow-up ratios without disentangling, breaking, and/or rupturing the PLA films during the film-blowing processes.…”

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confidence: 99%

The compatible and mechanical properties of biodegradable poly(Lactic Acid)/ethylene glycidyl methacrylate copolymer blends

Yeh

Tsou

et al. 2012

J Polym Res

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The Fourier transform infrared results suggest that the carboxylic acid groups of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) molecules react with the epoxy groups of molecules of Ethylene Glycidyl Methacrylate Copolymer (EGMC) during the reactive extrusion processes of PLA x EGMC y specimens. The tensile and tear strength values of PLA x-EGMC y blown-film specimens in machine and transverse directions improve significantly, and reach their maximal values as their EGMC contents approach an optimum value of 6 wt.%. The melt shear viscosity values of PLA x EGMC y resins, measured at varying shear rates, are significantly higher than those of the PLA resin, and increase consistently with their EGMC contents. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of PLA and PLA x EGMC y specimens reveal that the percentage crystallinity, peak melting temperature, and onset recrystallization temperature values of PLA x EGMC y specimens reduce gradually as their EGMC contents increase. In contrast, the glass transition temperatures of PLA x-EGMC y specimens increase gradually in conjunction with their EGMC contents. Demarcated porous morphology with several connected fungi-decomposed cavities was found on the surfaces of the PLA x EGMC y specimens after being buried for specific amounts of time, in which the sizes of the fungi-decomposed cavities found on the surfaces of buried PLA x EGMC y specimens reduce significantly as their EGMC contents increase. Further DMA and morphological analysis of PLA x EGMC y specimens reveal that the EGMC molecules are compatible with PLA molecules at EGMC contents equal to or less than 2 wt.% because no phaseseparated EGMC droplets and tan δ transitions were found on fracture surfaces and tan δ curves of PLA x-EGMC y specimens, respectively. The possible reasons for these remarkable properties of the PLA/EGMC specimens are proposed in this study.

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Polylactides ‐ degradable polymers for fibres and films

Cited by 69 publications

References 6 publications

The effects of plasticizers on the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)

The effects of plasticizers on the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)

Mechanical and morphological properties of high density polyethylene and polylactide blends

The compatible and mechanical properties of biodegradable poly(Lactic Acid)/ethylene glycidyl methacrylate copolymer blends

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