Polymer-Based Optical Printed Circuit Board (O-Pcb) as a Potential Platform for Vlsi Microphotonic Integration

Lee, El-Hang; Lee, Seung‐Gol; O, Beom Hoan; Park, Se-Geun

doi:10.1142/s0218863505002864

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We have been able to measure the transmission speed of up to 10 Gps for each channel using the eye diagram. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] …”

Section: Assembly Of Optical Printed Circuit Boardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard and flexible optical printed circuit board

Lee

et al. 2007

SPIE Proceedings

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We report on the design and fabrication of hard and flexible optical printed circuit boards (O-PCBs). The objective is to realize generic and application-specific O-PCBs, either in hard form or flexible form, that are compact, light-weight, low-energy, high-speed, intelligent, and environmentally friendly, for low-cost and high-volume universal applications. The O-PCBs consist of 2-dimensional planar arrays of micro/nano-scale optical wires, circuits and devices that are interconnected and integrated to perform the functions of sensing, storing, transporting, processing, switching, routing and distributing optical signals on flat modular boards. For fabrication, the polymer and organic optical wires and waveguides are first fabricated on a board and are used to interconnect and integrate micro/nano-scale photonic devices. The micro/nano-optical functional devices include lasers, detectors, switches, sensors, directional couplers, multi-mode interference devices, ring-resonators, photonic crystal devices, plasmonic devices, and quantum devices. For flexible boards, the optical waveguide arrays are fabricated on flexible polyethylen terephthalate (PET) substrates by UV embossing. Electrical layer carrying VCSEL and PD array is laminated with the optical layer carrying waveguide arrays. Both hard and flexible electrical lines are replaced with high speed optical interconnection between chips over four waveguide channels up to 10Gbps on each. We discuss uses of hard or flexible O-PCBs for telecommunication systems, computer systems, transportation systems, space/avionic systems, and bio-sensor systems.

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“…We have been able to measure the transmission speed of up to 10 Gps for each channel using the eye diagram. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] …”

Section: Assembly Of Optical Printed Circuit Boardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard and flexible optical printed circuit board

Lee

et al. 2007

SPIE Proceedings

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“…1,2 To overcome their disadvantages in datacom and telecom industries, optical interconnects are considered the preferred option. Optical interconnects have many advantages over electrical interconnections as they are associated with broad bandwidth, immunity from crosstalk and electro-magnetic interference, a light weight, and low skew and jitter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Optical materials are expected to play increasingly crucial roles for producing high performance optical waveguide devices, capable of guiding, coupling, switching, splitting, multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals. 1,2 Inorganic materials such as silica, 3,4 silicon oxynitride, 5 lithium niobate, 6,7 indium phosphide 8,9 and gallium arsenide 10 are widely employed in the fabrication of modern integrated optics as these materials have the advantages of thermal stability, chemical inertness, transparency and low birefringence. Polymeric materials are presently among the most promising candidates for use in photonics due to their versatility, flexibility, light weight, low cost and ease of modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of flexible optical waveguide film with refractive index tunability

Kwon

Noh

Han

et al. 2012

Nanophotonic Materials IX

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Novel organic-inorganic hybrid materials were successfully synthesized by non-hydrolytic sol-gel processing. Crackfree and thick films were produced with no remaining traces of solvents without high volume shrinkage. Adjusting the chemical composition of the materials allows the precise tailoring of the optical properties of the materials, such as optical loss, birefringence, refractive index, and thermo-optic coefficient. They can be fabricated into the step index optical waveguide structures with well-defined and reproducible refractive index differences within 0.001. The transmission performance of each waveguide channel was tested using a 10 Gbps data stream. The electrical output signal from a photodetector, connected to a wide-band oscilloscope, displays a clear 10 Gbps eye pattern. We produced a series of flexible optical waveguides from organic-inorganic hybrid materials by using soft-lithographic technique. The optical losses of the flexible waveguide arrays bent over various curvatures were measured and the transmission performance of each waveguide channel was also tested. The bending losses of a flexible waveguide array were measured and found to yield no significant loss above 2 mm diameter curvature.

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“…In recent years, the optical printed circuit board (O-PCB), a new concept wherein optical signal transmission technology is applied to a printed circuit board (PCB), has been proposed and developed [1][2][3][4], and is expected to be commercialized in the near future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Internal Structure of an Optical Waveguide Embedded in a Flexible Optical Circuit Board by Enhancing the Signal Contrast of a Confocal Microscope

Lee

Kim

Beom‐Hoan

et al. 2011

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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In this study, the internal structure of an optical waveguide embedded in a flexible optical circuit board is observed with a confocal microscope. In order to increase the light reflection from an internal material interface with a very small index difference, and thus enhance the signal contrast, a theta microscopy scheme has been integrated into a conventional confocal microscope, and a high NA oil-immersion lens has been used. The interface reflectivity is increased from roughly 0.0015% to 0.025% by the proposed method, and the internal structure can thus be successfully measured.

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Polymer-Based Optical Printed Circuit Board (O-Pcb) as a Potential Platform for Vlsi Microphotonic Integration

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Hard and flexible optical printed circuit board

Hard and flexible optical printed circuit board

Preparation of flexible optical waveguide film with refractive index tunability

Measurement of the Internal Structure of an Optical Waveguide Embedded in a Flexible Optical Circuit Board by Enhancing the Signal Contrast of a Confocal Microscope

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