Polymer blends of poly(ϵ-caprolactone) and poly(vinyl methyl ether) – thermal properties and morphology

Yam, Wan Sinn; Jusoh, Ismail; Kammer, H. W.; Schmidt, Helmu; Kummerlöwe, Claudia

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00807-6

Cited by 79 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[31] We note that these values for G of PHB are low compared to other polyesters, such as approx. 30 mm Á min À1 for PCL at 40 8C [30] and about 70 mm Á min À1 for poly(tetramethylene succinate) (PTMS) at 90 8C. [32] The corresponding undercoolings for PHB, PCL and PTMS are 50, 30 and 60 8C, respectively, which means they are roughly comparable.…”

Section: Spherulite Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Similar results were reported for blends of linear poly-(ethylene) with molecular weights of 66 000 and 2 500 g Á mol À1 [29] and for blends of poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(vinyl methyl ester). [30] Quantity G for PHB at T c ¼ 130 8C is 8 mm Á min À1 . This agrees with previously published results, in which G was reported to be around 12 mm Á min À1 at T c ¼ 120 8C.…”

Section: Spherulite Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crystallization and Melting Behavior of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐Based Blends

Chan

Kummerlöwe²,

Kammer

2004

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Summary: Blends of high molecular weight poly(R‐3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) ($\overline M _{\rm w}$ = 352 000 g · mol−1), comprising of either low molecular weight poly(R‐3‐hydroxybutyrate) (D‐PHB) ($\overline M _{\rm w}$ = 3 900 g · mol−1) or poly[(R‐3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐co‐(R‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)] (PHBV) ($\overline M _{\rm w}$ = 238 000 g · mol−1) with 12 mol‐% hydroxyvalerate (HV) content as a second constituent, were investigated along with the thermal properties and morphologies. After isothermal crystallization, a lowering of the melting temperature of PHB can be observed with increasing content of the second component in the blends. This behavior points towards miscibility of the constituents both in the liquid and the solid state. Crystallization kinetics was studied under isothermal and non‐isothermal conditions. The overall kinetics of isothermal crystallization was analyzed in terms of the Avrami equation. Only one crystallization peak is observed in all cases for the PHB/D‐PHB and PHB/PHBV blends under the conditions studied. This demonstrates co‐crystallization of the constituents. The addition of D‐PHB or PHBV to PHB reduces the rate of crystallization of the blends compared to that of neat PHB. The corresponding activation energies of crystallization also decrease with an increasing concentration of the second constituent. Non‐isothermal crystallization, carried out with different cooling rates held constant, is discussed in terms of a quasi‐isothermal approach. The corresponding rate constants as functions of reciprocal undercooling show Arrhenius‐like behavior in a certain range of temperatures. At sufficiently high undercooling, the rate constants of crystallization for the isothermal process exceed those reflecting non‐isothermal conditions, whereas in the limit of low undercoolings, the rate constants become similar. Ring‐banded morphologies are observed when PHB is in excess. When the respective second component is the major component, fibrous textures of the spherulites develop.Polarized micrograph of PHB/PHBV 90/10.magnified imagePolarized micrograph of PHB/PHBV 90/10.

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Section: Spherulite Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Spherulite Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization and Melting Behavior of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐Based Blends

Chan

Kummerlöwe²,

Kammer

2004

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…ΔH100 represents heat of fusion of 100% crystalline PCL [136.1 J/g [7]], ΔHf represents experimental heat of fusion and WPCL represents weight fraction of PCL.…”

Section: Thermal Analysis Of Pcl Nanocompositementioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Nanoclay for the Synthesis of Polycaprolactone (PCL) – Clay Nanocomposite

Yusoh

Kumaran

Ismail

2018

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. This paper presents a new modification method to modify the surface of nanoclay (Na-MMT) to increase its d-spacing using Aminopropylisooctyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (AP-POSS) and the fabrication of Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocomposite through solution intercalation technique. The structure and morphology of pure nanoclay, modified nanoclay (POSS-MMT) and the PCL nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). XRD revealed that the d-spacing of the POSS-MMT is increased by 0.64 nm as compared to pure nanoclay. FTIR and FESEM results also showed that AP-POSS were well dispersed and intercalated throughout the interlayer space of Na-MMT. An exfoliated structure was also observed for PCL/POSS-MMT nanocomposite. Thermal properties of the nanocomposite were investigated using Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA) which recorded highest degradation temperature for PCL/POSS-MMT 1% nanocomposite which is 394.1˚C at 50% weight loss (T50%) but a decrease in degradation temperature when POSS-MMT content is increased and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis which showed highest melting and crystallization temperature for PCL/POSS-MMT 5% nanocomposite which is 56.6˚C and 32.7˚C respectively whereas a decrease in degree of crystallinity for PCL/POSS-MMT nanocomposite as compared to PCL/Na-MMT nanocomposite. This study affords an efficient modification method to obtain organoclay with larger interlayer d-spacing to enhance the properties of polymer nanocomposite.

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“…[4] The banding period in banded spherulites has been shown by Abo el Maaty and Bassett [11] to be related to the templated zone for row nucleation. Using this approach with the measurement of the band period extrapolated from micrographs of PCL spherulites reported in blends by Yam et al [12] leads to a similar value for r t for PCL as for polyethylene. The in situ SAXS measurements presented here give a fibril radius for the Cl-DBS of %75 Å .…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

Enhanced Templating in the Crystallisation of Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Using 1,3:2,4‐di(4‐Chlorobenzylidene) Sorbitol

Wangsoub

Davis

Mitchell

et al. 2008

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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We show that small quantities of 1,3:2,4‐di(4‐chlorobenzylidene) sorbitol dispersed in poly(ε‐caprolactone) provide a very effective self‐assembling nanoscale framework which, with a flow field, yields extremely high levels of polymer crystal orientation. During modest shear flow of the polymer melt, the additive forms highly extended nano‐particles which adopt a preferred alignment with respect to the flow field. On cooling, polymer crystallisation is directed by these particles. This chloro substituted dibenzylidene sorbitol is considerably more effective at directing the crystal growth of poly(ε‐caprolactone) than the unsubstituted compound.

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Polymer blends of poly(ϵ-caprolactone) and poly(vinyl methyl ether) – thermal properties and morphology

Cited by 79 publications

References 14 publications

Crystallization and Melting Behavior of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐Based Blends

Crystallization and Melting Behavior of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐Based Blends

Surface Modification of Nanoclay for the Synthesis of Polycaprolactone (PCL) – Clay Nanocomposite

Enhanced Templating in the Crystallisation of Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Using 1,3:2,4‐di(4‐Chlorobenzylidene) Sorbitol

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