Polymer
brushes refer to polymer chains that are end-grafted to
surfaces or interfaces at high grafting density. Polymer brushes are
able to make surface self-assembly or surface coassembly with free
block copolymer (BCP) chains, and surface nanostructures with different
morphologies are formed on the surfaces. The formation of the surface
nanostructures endows materials with new surface properties. To develop
a simple and versatile approach to the synthesis of polymer brushes
and surface nanostructures, the synthesis of polymer brushes and surface
nanostructures on tannic acid (TA) coatings was investigated in this
research. TA molecules were coated on the surfaces of amino-modified
silica particles (SiO2-NH2) through noncovalent
bonds. Quaternized poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene (qPDMAEMA-b-PS) chains
were anchored onto the TA coatings through electrostatic interaction
between qPDMAEMA blocks and TA coatings, and PS brushes are formed
on the particle surfaces. Thermo gravimetric analysis demonstrates
the grafting of the BCP chains on the TA coatings, and the calculation
results indicate that the PS chains on the silica particles are in
the polymer brush regime. PS brushes on TA coatings are able to make
surface coassembly with free BCP chains, and surface nanostructures
with different sizes and morphologies are produced on TA coatings.
The grafting density of PS blocks and BCP concentration both exert
significant influences on the formation of the surface nanostructures.
The surface nanostructures can be removed from the particle surfaces
in the aqueous solution of sodium chloride. This research provides
a simple and versatile method for the fabrication of polymer brushes
and removable surface nanostructures on any solid substrates, which
have specific interactions with TA molecules.