Polymer Concentration and Solvent Variation Correlation with the Morphology and Water Filtration Analysis of Polyether Sulfone Microfiltration Membrane

Alvi, Muhammad Azeem Ur Rehman; Khalid, Muhammad Waqas; Ahmad, Nasir M.; Niazi, Muhammad Bilal Khan; Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz; Batool, Mehwish; Cheema, Waqas Akram; Rafiq, Sikander

doi:10.1155/2019/8074626

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…For this purpose, the control of the membrane structure is needed, which may not always be feasible. Several factors such as the nature of the polymer, solvents and concentration, temperature, and composition of the coagulation bath govern the performance and the structure of the prepared membrane [9]. Another way to switch the membrane performance is to functionalize the membrane surface which can be achieved by coating, self-assembly, plasma treatment, and chemical grafting [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes

Abbas

Mushtaq

Cheema

et al. 2020

Advances in Polymer Technology

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The grafting of pH-responsive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes was carried out on the surface of a commercial TFC-PA membrane using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Poly(t-butyl acrylate) was polymerized through the SI-ATRP method followed by its acid hydrolysis to form PAA hydrophilic polymer brushes. Surface morphology, permeation flux, salt rejection, and pore sizes were investigated. The contact angle for water was reduced from 50° for a pristine membrane to 27° for the modified membrane due to a modification with the hydrophilic functional group and its brush on membrane surfaces. The flux rate also increased noticeably at lower pH values relative to higher pH for the modified membranes, while the flux remains stable in the case of pristine TFC-PA membranes. There is slight transition in the water flux rate that was also observed when going from pH values of 3 to 5. This was attributed to the pH-responsive conformational changes for the grafted PAA brushes. At these pH values, ionization of the COOH group takes place below and above pKa to influence the effective pore dimension of the modified membranes. At a lower pH value, the PAA brushes seem to permit tight structure conformation resulting in larger pore sizes and hence more flux. On the other hand, at higher pH values, PAA brushes appeared to be in extended conformation to induce smaller pore sizes and result in less flux. Further, pH values were observed to not significantly affect the NaCl salt rejection with values observed in between 98.8% and 95% and close to that of the pristine TFC-PA membranes. These experimental results are significant and have immediate implication for advances in polymer technology to design and modify the “switchable membrane surfaces” with controllable charge distribution and surface wettability, as well as regulation of water flux and salt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes

Abbas

Mushtaq

Cheema

et al. 2020

Advances in Polymer Technology

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“…The SEM images also showed the same result as the theory. Table 4 shows that the higher value of viscosity slows down the precipitation, which resulted in a denser skin layer [28]. A denser skin layer can be observed through the cross-section of the membranes.…”

Section: Membrane Morphology and Surface Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

A Contrastive Study of Self-Assembly and Physical Blending Mechanism of TiO2 Blended Polyethersulfone Membranes for Enhanced Humic Acid Removal and Alleviation of Membrane Fouling

et al. 2022

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In this study, membrane fabrication was achieved by two different methods: (i) self-assembly and (ii) physical blending of TiO2 in PES membrane for humic acid filtration. The TiO2 nanoparticles were self-assembled by using TBT as the precursor and pluronic F127 as triblock copolymers around the membrane pores. This was achieved by manipulating the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of TBT precursors during the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. On the other hand, the TiO2 was physically blended as a comparison to the previous method. The characteristic of the membrane was analysed to explore the possibility of enhancing the membrane antifouling mechanism and the membrane flux. The membrane morphology, pore size, porosity, and contact angle were characterised. Both methods proved to be able to enhance the antifouling properties and flux performance. The HA rejection increased up to 95% with membrane flux 55.40 kg m−2 h−1. The rejection rate was not significantly improved for either method. However, the antifouling characteristic for the self-assembly TiO2/PES membrane was better than the physically blended membrane. This was found to be due to the high surface hydrophilicity of the MM membrane, which repelled the hydrophobic HA and consequently blocked the HA adsorption onto the surface.

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“…Proximity to the value of solubility is usually able to produce a more porous membrane that promote a higher membrane flux. According to Alvi et al [48], the permeability of polyethersulfone prepared with DMF solvents is higher compared to NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone).…”

Section: Antibiofouling Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cacao Pod Husk Extract Phenolic Nanopowder-Impregnated Cellulose Acetate Matrix for Biofouling Control in Membranes

et al. 2021

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The ultrafiltration membrane process is widely used for fruit juice clarification, yet the occurring of fouling promotes a decline in process efficiency. To reduce the fouling potential in the membrane application in food processing, the use of natural phenolic compounds extracted from cocoa pod husk is investigated. The cocoa pod husk extract (CPHE) was prepared in phenolic nanoparticles form and added into the polymer solution at varying concentrations of 0.5 wt%, 0.75 wt%, and 1.0 wt%, respectively. The composite membrane was made of a cellulose acetate polymer using DMF (dimethylformamide) and DMAc (dimethylacetamide) solvents. The highest permeability of 2.34 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 was achieved by 1.0 wt% CPHE/CA prepared with the DMAc solvent. CPHE was found to reduce the amount of Escherichia coli attached to the membranes by 90.5% and 70.8% for membranes prepared with DMF and DMAc, respectively. It is concluded that CPHE can be used to control biofouling in the membrane for food applications.

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Polymer Concentration and Solvent Variation Correlation with the Morphology and Water Filtration Analysis of Polyether Sulfone Microfiltration Membrane

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes

Surface Modification of TFC-PA RO Membrane by Grafting Hydrophilic pH Switchable Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes

A Contrastive Study of Self-Assembly and Physical Blending Mechanism of TiO2 Blended Polyethersulfone Membranes for Enhanced Humic Acid Removal and Alleviation of Membrane Fouling

Cacao Pod Husk Extract Phenolic Nanopowder-Impregnated Cellulose Acetate Matrix for Biofouling Control in Membranes

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