Polymer dispersions from catalytic polymerization in aqueous systems

Mecking, Stefan

doi:10.1007/s00396-006-1587-3

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…The VOC issue has been largely solved for lowpressure catalytic Ziegler-Natta polymerizations by using solvent-free gas-phase processes. For slurry polymerization, new catalysts compatible with "green" diluents such as supercritical CO 2 [6,7] or water [8][9][10][11] have been developed. Recently we successfully produced polyethylene (PE) by a radical pathway under less energy-consuming conditions: medium pressure below 250 bar and a low temperature of 70 8C using organic solvents (toluene or THF).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aqueous Dispersions of Nonspherical Polyethylene Nanoparticles from Free‐Radical Polymerization under Mild Conditions

et al. 2010

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A radical idea: Free‐radical polymerization of ethylene usually requires severe conditions. Here, the efficiency of this reaction was investigated under mild conditions (less than 250 bar) in water for the production of stable polyethylene (PE) aqueous dispersions (see picture, Dp=particle diameter). Latexes of PE nanoparticles with various shapes (cylinder or sphere) and solid contents up to 40 % were prepared.

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confidence: 99%

Aqueous Dispersions of Nonspherical Polyethylene Nanoparticles from Free‐Radical Polymerization under Mild Conditions

et al. 2010

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“…The high tolerance toward polar molecules enabled ethylene polymerization in aqueous media [231,232]. Ethylene polymerization in aqueous media has been reported by using singlecomponent Rh catalyst 11a [201,202].…”

Section: Olefin Polymerization In Aqueous Mediamentioning

confidence: 98%

Olefin Polymerization with Non-metallocene Catalysts (Late Transition Metals)

Takeuchi

2014

Organometallic Reactions and Polymerization

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Diimine Pd and Ni complexes catalyze the polymerization of ethylene, propylene, and a-olefins. The reaction involves isomerization of the growing terminal (chain walking) and, as its result, produces highly branched polyethylene and poy(a-olefin)s having a smaller number of the alkyl substituents than expected from the monomer structure. Ni complexes with salicylaldimine or iminocarboxamide ligands and Pd complexes with phosphinesulfonate ligands are used as single component catalysts for ethylene polymerization. Especially, the latter catalysts show tolerance towards polar functional groups and promote copolymerization of ethylene with wide varieties of polar monomers. The Pd and Ni complexes are able to catalyze ethylene polymerization in aqueous media to yield polyethylene particles. Fe and Co complexes with bis(imino)pyridine ligands show high catalytic activity for ethylene polymerization to yield linear polyethylene. Complexes of the metals such as Rh, Ir, Ru, and Ag were revealed to become catalytically active by proper design of the ligand. Not only monometallic complexes but also bimetallic or multimetallic complexes are used for ethylene polymerization. Late transition metal complexes catalyze selective cyclopolymerization of non-conjugated dienes and trienes to afford the polymers with cycloalkane groups with controlled stereochemistry.

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“…The third class -entropy-stabilized miniemulsions -can be produced by applying high shear rates and/or phase inversion. 28,29 Indeed, if emulsification does not occur spontaneously, miniemulsions can be obtained under the high shear of ultrasound, 30 which is increasingly used in material science. 31 Here we apply an earlier reported emulsion processing technique 32 to a polycarbosilane SiC precursor and extend the method to the fabrication of macroporous non-oxide ceramic bodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%