Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: in situ intercalative polymerization of .epsilon.-caprolactone in layered silicates

Messersmith, Phillip B.; Giannelis, Emmanuel P.

doi:10.1021/cm00032a005

Cited by 368 publications

(200 citation statements)

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“…Another synthetic pathway has been recently proposed to produce novel segmented PCL-based polyurethane/clay nanocomposites by step-growth polymerization of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, butanediol and preformed polycaprolactone diol (Chen et al [14]). The polymerization of ε-caprolactone has been also reported directly inside a Cr 3+ -exchanged fluorohectorite (Messersmith et al [15]). However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been reported on the preparation of layered silicate PCL nanocomposites by melt intercalation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Poly(η-caprolactone) layered silicate nanocomposites: effect of clay surface modifiers on the melt intercalation process

et al. 2001

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Nanocomposites based on biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and layered silicates (montmorillonite) modified by various alkylammonium cations were prepared by melt intercalation. Depending on whether the ammonium cations contain non-functional alkyl chains or chains terminated by carboxylic acid or hydroxyl functions, microcomposites or nanocomposites were recovered as shown by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Mechanical and thermal properties were examined by tensile testing and thermogravimetric analysis. The layered silicate PCL nanocomposites exhibited some improvement of the mechanical properties (higher Young's modulus) and increased thermal stability as well as enhanced flame retardant characteristics as result of a charring effect. This communication aims at reporting that the formation of PCL-based nanocomposites strictly depends on the nature of the ammonium cation and its functionality, but also on the selected synthetic route, i.e. melt intercalation vs. in situ intercalative polymerization. Typically, protonated ω-aminododecanoic acid exchanged montmorillonite allowed to intercalate ε−caprolactone monomer and yielded nanocomposites upon in situ polymerization, whereas they exclusively formed microcomposites when blended with preformed PCL chains. In other words, it is shown that the formation of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites is not straightforward and cannot be predicted since it strongly depends on parameters such as ammonium cation type and functionality together with the production procedure, i.e., melt intercalation, solvent evaporation or in situ polymerization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Poly(η-caprolactone) layered silicate nanocomposites: effect of clay surface modifiers on the melt intercalation process

et al. 2001

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“…In many cases, a mixture of intercalated and exfoliated structures is obtained, thus single platelets and particles are both present in the material. The best final properties are achieved when the clay mineral platelets are fully exfoliated and well dispersed [9][10][11][12]. In order to have a successful development of CPNs, it is necessary to modify natural clay so that it can be compatible with a chosen polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al-Pillared-Montmorillonite (AlPMt)/Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)(PMMA) Nanocomposites: The Effects of Solvent Types and Synthesis Methods

Kızılduman

Alkan²,

Doğan

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science

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Al-pillared-montmorillonite (AlPMt)/poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) nanocomposites were synthesized via melt blending method (MBM) and solution blending method (SBM). FTIR-ATR spectroscopy proved the interaction of AlPMt with PMMA polymer matrix. The thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimeter analyses showed that the thermal stability and the glass transition temperature (T g ) of polymer matrix shifted to higher temperatures with increasing AlPMt content. Images showed that AlPMt dispersed at nanometer scale in polymer matrix. Contact angle measurements demonstrated that the hydrophilicity of the PMMA increased with incorporation of AlPMt. However, the thermal stability of clay/polymer nanocomposites (CPNs) was significantly changed with CPN preparation method.

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“…Evidences from literature suggest that exfoliation and dispersion of clay platelets during nanocomposite preparation and clay-matrix adhesion are major issues that needs to be addressed in order to achieve the desired property enhancements in polymer-clay nanocomposites [2][3][4][5][6][7]. In recent years, efforts have focussed on understanding the nature and mechanism of the exfoliation process of the surface treated clay in the polymer network structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, efforts have focussed on understanding the nature and mechanism of the exfoliation process of the surface treated clay in the polymer network structure. For example, Messersmith and Giannelis [2] achieved a significant increase in stiffness of epoxy nanocomposite by using organoclays modified with bis(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl tallow-alkyl ammonium chloride at a mass fraction of 4 %. The role of the organic chain on alkyl ammonium chloride is primarily to facilitate the intercalation of tile clay by organic molecules (e.g., DGEBA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersion of Functionalized Nanoclay Platelets in an Amine-Cured Epoxy Resin System

et al. 2001

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Nanocomposites are a relatively new class of materials obtained by dispersing montmorillonite clay in a polymer matrix. Evidences from literature suggest that clay platelet dispersion during nanocomposite preparation and clay-matrix adhesion are major technical issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve the desired property enhancements in polymer-clay hybrid nanocomposites. We have studied the interaction of the organically functionalized clay with the epoxy resin by including along the chain structure functional groups that will facilitate interaction with the resin. Through conventional routes, functional molecules have been synthesized and deposited on to the clay surface. Both the functionalized and nonfunctionalized clay has been analyzed using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The exfoliation of nanoclay platelets in amine cured epoxy system has been studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

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Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: in situ intercalative polymerization of .epsilon.-caprolactone in layered silicates

Cited by 368 publications

References 0 publications

Poly(η-caprolactone) layered silicate nanocomposites: effect of clay surface modifiers on the melt intercalation process

Poly(η-caprolactone) layered silicate nanocomposites: effect of clay surface modifiers on the melt intercalation process

Al-Pillared-Montmorillonite (AlPMt)/Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)(PMMA) Nanocomposites: The Effects of Solvent Types and Synthesis Methods

Dispersion of Functionalized Nanoclay Platelets in an Amine-Cured Epoxy Resin System

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