Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes (PLEDs): Devices and Materials

Gong, Xiong

doi:10.1002/9783527653454.ch5

Organic Optoelectronics 2013

DOI: 10.1002/9783527653454.ch5

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Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes (PLEDs): Devices and Materials

Xiong Gong

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Cited by 6 publications

References 88 publications

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Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

Zaumseil

2018

Adv Elect Materials

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With the ability to produce large amounts of purely semiconducting and even monochiral dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) their application as a bulk material in thin film devices on a large scale becomes feasible. Their physical properties, processing, and final devices are quite similar to those of semiconducting polymers. In the extreme case one may view carbon nanotubes as very long, rigid, and fully conjugated polymers. This analogy raises the question whether the knowledge accumulated over the last two decades of processing and studying conjugated polymers could be transferred to solution-processed nanotube devices. Here, the optical and electronic properties of both materials in solution and in thin films are discussed and compared with a focus on their application in optoelectronic devices. Some striking similarities and common issues are highlighted to show the connection between conjugated polymers and SWCNTs as 1D semiconductors.

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Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

Zaumseil

2018

Adv Elect Materials

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The solvatochromic response of benzo[a]fluorenone in aprotic solvents compared with benzo[b]fluorenone and 9‐fluorenone

Kopkalli

Celius

Dickson‐Karn

et al. 2019

J of Physical Organic Chem

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The solvatochromism and possible excited state deactivation pathways of benzo[a]fluorenone were investigated and compared with the related aromatic compounds 9‐fluorenone and benzo[b]fluorenone. These molecules can serve as molecular building blocks with application in light emitting diodes, catalysts, and dye‐sensitized solar cells. A study of the effect changes in aromatic structure might have on their relative photophysical responses is therefore of interest. Steady‐state absorption and emission spectra, Lippert‐Mataga plots, fluorescence lifetimes, and absolute quantum yields were used in tandem with time dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculations to investigate solvatochromism, excited state decay, and the relative energies of singlet and triplet excited states. It was found that changes in aromaticity affect the energetic order and character of the excited singlet and triplet states differently among these fluorenones as solvent polarity is varied. The observed fluorescence emission from all these molecules can be understood in terms of their relative ability to undergo intersystem crossing. Additional calculations on the related benzo[c]fluorenone predict that its solvatochromic behavior should resemble that of benzo[a]fluorenone.

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Investigation of excited‐state deactivation processes in benzofluorenones using time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy

Dickson‐Karn

Celius

Williams

et al. 2022

J of Physical Organic Chem

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Three benzofluorenone derivatives, benzo[a]fluorenone (BFA), benzo[b]fluorenone (BFB), and benzo[c]fluorenone (BFC), were studied spectroscopically in comparison with 9‐fluorenone (9‐FL) in solvents of various polarities to better understand the solvatochromism and excited‐state deactivation processes in these molecules. Time‐resolved transient absorption, steady‐state absorption, emission, and fluorescence lifetimes were utilized in this endeavor. Differences in the excited‐state deactivation processes are observed which can be attributed to the varied characters of the singlet and triplet excited states in these molecules which arise from structural differences and solvatochromism. The main deactivation pathway in all of the studied molecules was internal conversion (IC). Ignoring IC, the competition between intersystem crossing (ISC) and fluorescence is highly dependent on the molecule‐solvent system. BFA was found to decay mainly via a triplet state in cyclohexane but via fluorescence in ethyl acetate and acetonitrile. BFB was found to decay via both ISC to a triplet state and emission from the singlet state in cyclohexane but only via ISC in ethyl acetate and acetonitrile. Only emission from the singlet state was observed in BFC in all solvents.

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Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes (PLEDs): Devices and Materials

Cited by 6 publications

References 88 publications

Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

The solvatochromic response of benzo[a]fluorenone in aprotic solvents compared with benzo[b]fluorenone and 9‐fluorenone

Investigation of excited‐state deactivation processes in benzofluorenones using time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy

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