Abstract:The significance of polymer gears to transmit power and motion is increasing continuously due to their inherent characteristics. Polymer gears have established themselves as attractive alternatives to traditional metal gears in plethora applications. They are light in weight, have lower inertia, and run noiseless than their metal counterparts. This article presents a comprehensive review of the research on polymer spur gears operating under low (0–8 Nm) and moderate (>8 and ≤17 Nm) loading conditions. Diffe… Show more
“…Sliding friction directions that are indicated by arrows in Figure 10 are away from the pitch-line on the driver gear, yet they are toward the pitch-line on the driven gear. 37,38 Figure 7.Temperature and wear of POM/3 C gear teeth against test duration.Figure 8.Gear teeth failure: (a) POM gear (at 48,000 revolutions), (b) POM/3 C gear (at 98,000 revolutions), (c) POM/6 C gear (at 76,000 revolutions), and (d) POM/9 C gear (at 54,000 revolutions).Figure 9.Comparing the failed gears in terms of crack formation on teeth: (a) no crack on POM gear and (b) crack developed on POM/3 C gear.Figure 10.Sliding friction and surface wear of driver and driven gears teeth.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…driver gear, yet they are toward the pitch-line on the driven gear. 37,38 The finite element method (FEM) model of mating driver and driven gears' teeth was created as presented in Figure 11. According to Figure 12, the FEM analysis shows that the extent of stress on the driver gear's tooth is relatively larger than that of the driven as denoted by arrows.…”
Nanocomposite gears and standard mechanical testing specimens based on polyoxymethylene containing different fractions (0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) of nanosized precipitated calcium carbonate particles were produced by using twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. The wear and temperature of gears teeth were measured by a gear test rig. The morphologies of fractured gears teeth were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy. Results of experiments indicate that the incorporation of CaCO3 nanoparticles into polyoxymethylene increases the flexural and heat resistance and reduces the magnitudes of wear and temperature of gears noticeably. The maximum flexural resistance is achieved by employing 3 wt% of CaCO3 nanoparticles. Gears containing 3 wt% of CaCO3 nanoparticles present the lowest wear rate, which is 61% smaller than that of neat polyoxymethylene gear. The life time (durability till failure) of nanocomposite gear was twofold as compared to neat polyoxymethylene gear. The nanocomposite gear showed abrasive-wear and brittle-fracture, yet the neat polyoxymethylene gear demonstrated prevailing cohesive wear and ductile failure.
“…Sliding friction directions that are indicated by arrows in Figure 10 are away from the pitch-line on the driver gear, yet they are toward the pitch-line on the driven gear. 37,38 Figure 7.Temperature and wear of POM/3 C gear teeth against test duration.Figure 8.Gear teeth failure: (a) POM gear (at 48,000 revolutions), (b) POM/3 C gear (at 98,000 revolutions), (c) POM/6 C gear (at 76,000 revolutions), and (d) POM/9 C gear (at 54,000 revolutions).Figure 9.Comparing the failed gears in terms of crack formation on teeth: (a) no crack on POM gear and (b) crack developed on POM/3 C gear.Figure 10.Sliding friction and surface wear of driver and driven gears teeth.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…driver gear, yet they are toward the pitch-line on the driven gear. 37,38 The finite element method (FEM) model of mating driver and driven gears' teeth was created as presented in Figure 11. According to Figure 12, the FEM analysis shows that the extent of stress on the driver gear's tooth is relatively larger than that of the driven as denoted by arrows.…”
Nanocomposite gears and standard mechanical testing specimens based on polyoxymethylene containing different fractions (0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) of nanosized precipitated calcium carbonate particles were produced by using twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. The wear and temperature of gears teeth were measured by a gear test rig. The morphologies of fractured gears teeth were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy. Results of experiments indicate that the incorporation of CaCO3 nanoparticles into polyoxymethylene increases the flexural and heat resistance and reduces the magnitudes of wear and temperature of gears noticeably. The maximum flexural resistance is achieved by employing 3 wt% of CaCO3 nanoparticles. Gears containing 3 wt% of CaCO3 nanoparticles present the lowest wear rate, which is 61% smaller than that of neat polyoxymethylene gear. The life time (durability till failure) of nanocomposite gear was twofold as compared to neat polyoxymethylene gear. The nanocomposite gear showed abrasive-wear and brittle-fracture, yet the neat polyoxymethylene gear demonstrated prevailing cohesive wear and ductile failure.
“…Considering the work of polymeric parts under dynamic conditions is necessary to understand their effectiveness for mated parts. The use of structural plastics, which was considered in work [2], makes it possible to form force parts but there are objective difficulties in considering their resource pattern under severe operating conditions in moving mated parts. Paper [3] describes the peculiarities of plastics when used as a material for shafts and gears; however, there remains an issue of selecting this type of material for the dusty modes of operation of mated parts.…”
Section: Literature Review and Problem Statementmentioning
This paper reports a comparative study of the polymeric materials operating in conjugation with steel. In agricultural engineering, a significant role in structural materials belongs to polymer composites. This type of material is characterized by the low price, small technological cost, as well as acceptable processing characteristics. It has been found that it is necessary to form, for each type of mated parts, a set of materials that could maximally meet the operational conditions. To describe the operating conditions in more detail, they need to be generalized for the specific tribological and loading characteristics. Based on this, such load regimes were selected that correspond to the movable mated parts in sowing complexes. For these mated parts, it was necessary, in the course of the tribological study, to choose a material with minimal technological deviations but with enhanced tribotechnical characteristics. The result of this study has established that under the predefined conditions a polymer-composite material with the high-modulus filler PA-6.6+30 % F demonstrates the best tribophysical characteristics compared to the material PA-6.6. The proposed material, in conjugation with steel 1.1191, has a friction coefficient that is 38...41 % lower, while the temperature in the contact area is 8...12 % less, than that in conjugation with the material PA-6.6. Based on the metallographic analysis of friction surfaces, one can argue that a polymer composite with a high-modulus filler creates favorable conditions for their implementation in the moving units of machines. The results reported here make it possible to analyze and synthesize composite materials primarily for agricultural engineering, taking into consideration their tribological properties. The findings may be particularly interesting for service departments and enterprises producing parts for sowing complexes
“…Polymer gears have drawn the attention of various researchers, mainly in the last two decades, when a significant number of studies were carried out on these gears. 3 These studies show that the performance of polymer gears is significantly affected by the three operating parameters, which are gear material, acting torque, and rotational speed. The polymeric materials, which are frequently used by the researchers for the manufacture of plastic gears, are Nylon 6, Nylon 66, Acetal, Polycarbonate, etc.…”
This research focuses on the optimization of the performance parameters namely, surface temperature, wear rate, and transmission efficiency of polymer gears. Three different polymers namely, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, high-density polyethylene, and polyoxymethylene are selected for manufacturing the gears. A total of 27 experiments are carried out to test these gears at different torque and speed conditions. The torque values are taken as 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 Nm, whereas the speeds of 600, 900, and 1200 r/min are chosen for the study. The optimal setting of operating parameters (gear material, speed, and torque) is obtained by using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach that includes the analytical hierarchy process and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. The optimal setting of performance parameters is obtained with polyoxymethylene gear running at the torque and speed conditions of 0.8 Nm and 900 r/min, respectively.
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