Polymerase chain reaction–based tests for pan‐species and species‐specific detection of human <i>Plasmodium</i> parasites

Mahajan, Babita; Zheng, Hong; Pham, Phuong; Sedegah, M.; Majam, Victoria; Akolkar, Namita; Rios, María; Ankrah, Isaac; Madjitey, Parnor; Amoah, George; Addison, Ebenezer A.; Quakyi, Isabella A.; Kumar, Sanjai

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03541.x

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A few rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been shown to have greater than 90% sensitivity and specificity for P. falciparum at parasite densities ≥200 p/µl [43][44][45] but may often fail to detect lower density infections. PCR is considered to be the gold standard for detection of parasitemia with a limit of detection of 0.02 p/µl for the most sensitive procedures [46].…”

Section: What Factors Are Associated With Asymptomatic Malaria Infectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The silent threat: asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria transmission

Lindblade

Steinhardt

Samuels

et al. 2013

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Section: What Factors Are Associated With Asymptomatic Malaria Infectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The silent threat: asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria transmission

Lindblade

Steinhardt

Samuels

et al. 2013

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

480

505

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Moreover, misdiagnosis of mix parasite infection has been reported [22]. Currently, the detection of P. falciparum infection has required the method that has high sensitivity and specificity, especially for a screening of the asymptomatic patients and blood donation [21]. PCR has been developed to detect the malaria parasite for increasing the sensitivity and specificity, including semi-nested PCR [17], nested PCR [13,23,15], and real-time PCR [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nested PCR is considered to be a sensitive and specific method for detecting the malaria parasite, and it is also valuable in epidemiological survey, as previously described [13]. Due to various primer sets were reported in various areas with varying sensitivity and specificity [13,21]. Hence, in the present study, we compared the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of two nested PCRs using light microscopic examination as the reference method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Two Nested PCR-Based Diagnostic Assays for Plasmodium Falciparum Infection

Kritsiriwuthinan

Choosang

Sunantaraporn

2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: The majority of malaria cases and deaths are caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The rapid and accurate diagnosis is very important for malaria treatment and control. The aim of this study was to evaluate two nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods (protocol A and protocol B) for P. falciparum infection, diagnosis in Thailand.Methods: A total of 90 dried blood spot samples were investigated. The samples composed of P. falciparum-, Plasmodium vivax-infected blood and normal human blood samples. The microscopic examination was used as gold standard. Results:The results showed the sensitivity of 100/83.33%, specificity of 100/100%, and accuracy of 100/94.44% for protocol A and protocol B, respectively. The analytical sensitivity of protocol A and protocol B was 0.625 and 6.25 parasites/µl, respectively. The comparison among microscopic examination, protocol A and protocol B by statistical analysis, found that they were not a significant difference. The agreements between each method were good. The kappa value between protocol A and protocol B was 0.87, protocol A and microscopy was 1.00, and protocol B and microscopy was 0.87. Conclusion:The results demonstrated that protocol A should be used for further development of P. falciparum diagnosis in Thailand, especially in case of low parasitemia such as asymptomatic infection and for screening blood donors.

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“…After treatment has been initiated a reduction in parasitemia may not be seen for another 24 hours. Rapid diagnostic tests including a pan-plasmodia antigen can detect parasitmia as low as 200 parasites per microliter [11]. PCR is not used in routine diagnosis as it is not always available.…”

Section: Chemoprophylaxis Choices 2013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Challenges in Travelers’ Malaria

Schlagenhauf

Petersen

2013

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Travel health providers are often confronted with complex scenarios when advising travelers on malaria prevention. Current challenges in prevention include malaria risk assessment, where a detailed itinerary and knowledge of malaria epidemiology are needed. Up-to-date information on the correct use, limitations, and drug interactions of current priority chemoprophylaxis agents (atovaquone/proguanil, mefloquine, doxycycline) is key. Another challenge is to identify and reach travelers who are most at risk of malaria, such as the traveler visiting friends and relatives. Posttravel, delays in presentation, diagnosis, and inappropriate treatment of malaria are key risk factors leading to death. Treatment of malaria is an emergency requiring expert in-patient management and referral to a center with adequate expertise. Artemisinin combination therapies are the drugs of choice for uncomplicated malaria. Complicated malaria is treated preferably with intravenous artesunate, and the supply and quality of this life-saving antimalarial in some settings can pose one of the most urgent challenges in travelers' malaria. Abstract Travel health providers are often confronted with complex scenarios when advising travelers on malaria prevention. Current challenges in prevention include malaria risk assessment, where a detailed itinerary and knowledge of malaria epidemiology are needed. Up-to-date information on the correct use, limitations, and drug interactions of current priority chemoprophylaxis agents (atovaquone/proguanil, mefloquine, doxycycline) is key. Another challenge is to identify and reach travelers who are most at risk of malaria, such as the traveler visiting friends and relatives. Posttravel, delays in presentation, diagnosis, and inappropriate treatment of malaria are key risk factors leading to death. Treatment of malaria is an emergency requiring expert in-patient management and referral to a center with adequate expertise. Artemisinin combination therapies are the drugs of choice for uncomplicated malaria. Complicated malaria is treated preferably with intravenous artesunate, and the supply and quality of this life-saving antimalarial in some settings can pose one of the most urgent challenges in travelers' malaria.

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Polymerase chain reaction–based tests for pan‐species and species‐specific detection of human Plasmodium parasites

Abstract: We have developed PCR tests with the highest reported sensitivity to date for pan-Plasmodium diagnosis and species-specific diagnosis and detected blood film-negative asymptomatic infections in individuals living in malaria-endemic countries.

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

The silent threat: asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria transmission

The silent threat: asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria transmission

Evaluation of Two Nested PCR-Based Diagnostic Assays for Plasmodium Falciparum Infection

Current Challenges in Travelers’ Malaria

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