Polymerisation of cyanoacrylates: The effect of sclero-embolic and contrast agents

Abstract

Objectives The objective is to investigate the interaction of sclero-embolic and contrast agents with the polymerisation of medical grade n-butyl-cyanoacrylates. Methods An in vitro spectrophotometric absorbance method was developed to detect changes in light transmission to measure n-BCA polymerisation. The initiation and the rate-of-polymerisation of mixtures of n-BCA with sclero-embolic and contrast agents were investigated. Results Initiation of polymerisation: VENABLOCK™ and HISTOACRYL® were the fastest agents to polymerise, while VENASEAL™ was the slowest. Rate of polymerisation: Hypertonic saline inhibited the polymerisation of all n-BCAs, while hypertonic glucose prolonged the polymerisation rate. ETHANOL and detergent sclerosants had no effect. Contrast agents OMNIPAQUE™ and ULTRAVIST® initiated and prolonged the polymerisation of n-BCA, but in contrast, LIPIODOL® failed to initiate the process. Conclusions The commercially available medical cyanoacrylates differ in their polymerisation rates. These polymerisation rates are further affected when these products are used in conjunction with other compounds, such as sclero-embolic and contrast agents.

VenaBlock® and VenaSeal® class III cyanoacrylate products are effective and safe in varicose vein treatment

“…Dear Editor, I read the article by Gracé et al with great interest and enthusiasm. 1 The article titled "Polymerisation of cyanoacrylates: The effect of sclero-embolic and contrast agents" discusses in detail the interaction of sclero-embolic and contrast agents with the polymerization of medical grade n-butyl-cyanoacrylates, including some commercially available products. However, I would like to make some corrections and additional comments regarding this important work.…”

“…M.2016.106.6542, 31/03/2016 and ARTG Entry: 421297, 05/09/2023, respectively), whereas Gracé et al stated in their article that both products are class IIb. 1 Class IIb and class III medical devices have significant differences, and their clinical use is strictly regulated. 4 In order not to cause the user to hesitate about crucial medical products and to convey accurate information to the readers, vital statements must be written with precise verification.…”

“…Importantly, according to EU Directives on medical devices, “all implantable devices and long-term surgically invasive devices that have a biological effect are classified as class III.” 4 In that context, both VenaBlock ® and VenaSeal ® products are class III (CE Entry Registry: M.2016.106.6542, 31/03/2016 and ARTG Entry: 421297, 05/09/2023, respectively), whereas Gracé et al stated in their article that both products are class IIb. 1 Class IIb and class III medical devices have significant differences, and their clinical use is strictly regulated. 4…”

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Dear Editor, I read the article by Gracé et al with great interest and enthusiasm. 1 The article titled "Polymerisation of cyanoacrylates: The effect of sclero-embolic and contrast agents" discusses in detail the interaction of sclero-embolic and contrast agents with the polymerization of medical grade n-butyl-cyanoacrylates, including some commercially available products. However, I would like to make some corrections and additional comments regarding this important work.Medical grade cyanoacrylate preparations, which are fast-acting strong adhesives, are widely used in a variety of medical applications, such as occlusive agents to treat peripheral venous insufficiencies, embolic agents to treat vascular anomalies, and adhesive agents for superficial wounds closure/dressing.

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