Polymerization-Driven Immobilization of dc-APGD Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles into a Quaternary Ammonium-Based Hydrogel Resulting in a Polymeric Nanocomposite with Heat-Transfer Applications

Abstract

A new method for the production of nanocomposites, composed of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and (vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride-co-N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (VBTAC-co-MBA) hydrogel, is described. Raw-AuNPs of defined optical and granulometric properties were synthesized using direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge (dc-APGD) generated in contact with a solution of HAuCl4. Different approaches to the polymerization-driven synthesis of Au/VBTAC-co-MBA nanocomposites were tested. It was established that homogenous dispersion of AuNPs in this new nanomaterial with was achieved in the presence of NaOH in the reaction mixture. The new nanocomposite was found to have excellent heat-transfer properties.

A Mini-Review on Anion Exchange and Chelating Polymers for Applications in Hydrometallurgy, Environmental Protection, and Biomedicine

“…This approach allowed us to exchange excessive Cl − anion located on VBTAC and neutralize it prior to introducing AuNPs. As displayed in Figure 10, only the sample treated with NaOH prior to the immobilization of AuNPs appeared with the characteristic ruby-red color, and as confirmed, this was successfully synthesized NC [87]. The so-obtained material was tested for its ability to increase heat-exchange rate, in an arrangement simulating cooling systems of modern electronic devices.…”

“…Hence, the expected yield of stabilization was expected to be not sufficient. For this reason, the synthesis of NCs with NPs generated in CAPPs was carried out by developing a new in-ex situ approach [87]. The uniqueness of this method relies on introducing the suspensions of NPs of defined granulometric properties within a water phase containing hydrophilic monomers, which are further subjected to the free radical polymerization, resulting in the formation of a unique NC, as displayed in Figure 9.…”

“…The uniqueness of this method relies on introducing the suspensions of NPs of defined granulometric properties within a water phase containing hydrophilic monomers, which are further subjected to the free radical polymerization, resulting in the formation of a unique NC, as displayed in Figure 9. The optimization of the procedure was done on the material, resulting from the polymerizationdriven immobilization of AuNPs in the vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (VBTAC) and N,N-methylenebis(acryl amide) (MBA), VBTAC-co-MBA copolymer [87]. Although the procedure seemed to be facile, the difficulties that have been met involved the anion-exchange reaction between strong base functionalities of VBTAC and the unreacted AuNPs' precursor (AuCl4 − ).…”

“…Although the procedure seemed to be facile, the difficulties that have been met involved the anion-exchange reaction between strong base functionalities of VBTAC and the unreacted AuNPs' precursor (AuCl4 − ). The process The optimization of the procedure was done on the material, resulting from the polymerization-driven immobilization of AuNPs in the vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (VBTAC) and N,N-methylenebis(acryl amide) (MBA), VBTAC-co-MBA copolymer [87]. Although the procedure seemed to be facile, the difficulties that have been met involved the anion-exchange reaction between strong base functionalities of VBTAC and the unreacted AuNPs' precursor (AuCl 4 − ).…”

“…The process resulted in the production of excessive HCl, which digested the AuNPs that should be immobilized within the hydrogel [87]. Hence, the synthesis was altered by forcing the anion-exchange on VBTAC first, using an equivalent amount of NaOH.…”