Polymerization of a Photochromic Diarylethene by Friedel−Crafts Alkylation

Jeong, Yong Chul; Park, Dae Gyu; Kim, Eunkyoung; Yang, Sung Ik; Ahn, Kyu‐Hong

doi:10.1021/ma0602167

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…1,2-Bis(2-methyl-1-benzothiophen-3-yl)perfluorocyclopentene substituted with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene underwent electrochemical oxidation to afford polymer films 348 deposited on an ITO glass. 224 The electrochemical deposition of the diarylethene derivative offers a convenient 721 The polymerization proceeds through chloromethylation, followed by Friedel− Crafts alkylation. The polymerization method is efficient to prepare polymers of various molecular weights in high yield.…”

Section: Bhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators

et al. 2014

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Section: Bhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators

et al. 2014

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“…An interesting strategy is the development of photochromic polymers, where the active unit is directly linked to the main polymer chain [18][19][20][21][22]. In this way, the very high concentration of active units in the material generates high optical responses with very thin films (in the order of 1 μm) [22].…”

Section: Photochromic Materials and Photoconversion Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochromic materials for holography: issues and constraints

Bianco

Pariani

Zanutta

et al. 2012

Practical Holography XXVI: Materials and Applications

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Photochromic materials can find application in holography, thanks to the peculiar possibility to change reversibly their transparency in the visible (amplitude holography) and their refractive index in the near infrared region (phase holography). The main advantages of such materials are rewritability and self-development. A large change of the key property is crucial to obtain efficient devices and some strategies are followed, accordingly. Production of the holograms have open important issues regarding the film thickness and the nonlinear response to light, because of the strong absorption of the writing light by the material. Results related to these topics, mainly focused on diarylethene-based materials, are reported.

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“…Photochromic diarylethenes can be incorporated into polymers by following free-radical polymerization [75], polycondensation [76], Fridel-Crafts alkylation [77], or oxidative polymerization [78]. The side-chain and main-chain homopolymers, copolymers, block copolymers, and π-conjugated polymers synthesized by the above-mentioned methods have shown good photochromic properties in films and solution phase owing to the higher content of diarylethene chromophores in the polymer system compared to that in simple guest-host systems [79][80][81].…”

Section: Diarylethenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochromic Responses in Polymer Matrices

Ramachandran

Urban

2011

Handbook of Stimuli‐Responsive Materials

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IntroductionMany concepts of photochromic systems have been inspired by nature. An illustrative example is the reversible shape changes of the photoreceptor molecule rhodopsin in eyes that produces a cascade of molecular rearrangements responding to light illumination [1]. Upon photoexcitation, all-trans retinal undergoes isomerization to 11-cis across the double bond, thus causing shape changes. Although this event occurs at the angstrom (Å) level, there are many molecular interconnected events and responses that are not fully understood. Similar processes have been observed in certain molecules in materials chemistry, although on a much smaller and at a less-orchestrated scale. These are known as photochromic molecules, which were discovered over 150 years ago in an organic crystal of tetracene, and later on, in inorganic and organometallic materials [2][3][4]. In spite of a long research history, a quest for new photochromic materials continues. Color changes induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation caused by trans − − cis isomerization, ring opening-closing reactions, inter-or intramolecular charge transfer, or bimolecular cycloaddition reactions are of particular interest. To make use of their photochromic behavior in various applications, photochromic entities are often incorporated into polymer matrices.While creating individual molecules and understanding their electronic properties facilitated further advances in understanding molecular mechanisms governing photochromism, useful applications require fabrication into films, sheets, fibers, or beads. This is typically achieved by incorporating photochromic molecules into macromolecular matrices by doping or dispersing, or covalently attaching them onto a polymer backbone. Since photoisomerization of chromophores alter equilibrium conformations, the dimensions of the surrounding polymer matrix play an essential role in spatial rearrangements. The dimensional classifications of the matrix effect have been extensively examined [5], with notable applications in ophthalmic lens, optical storage media, photosensors, and biomedical devices. Furthermore, the kinetics of conformational changes of polymers with photochromic moieties depends upon their physical or chemical incorporation into the matrix [6]. As one Handbook of Stimuli-Responsive Materials. Edited by Marek W. Urban

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Polymerization of a Photochromic Diarylethene by Friedel−Crafts Alkylation

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators

Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators

Photochromic materials for holography: issues and constraints

Photochromic Responses in Polymer Matrices

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