Polymerization of butadiene under the action of sodium organic initiators in slightly polar media

Anionic polymerization of butadiene by dialkylmagnesium / alkali metal alkoxide systems in apolar medium: Polybutadiene microstructure and polymerization control

“…Even though lithium-based anionic polymerization is well established to achieve microstructure tuning, initiating systems based on heavier alkali metal or alkaline earth metal are also reported. In hydrocarbon media, alkylsodium are reported to produce polybutadiene with 60 -80% vinyl content with molar masses close to the theoretical ones with dispersities ranging from 1.2 to 1.5 [8], [9]. Such polymerization reactions are said to be subjected to chain termination and to chain transfer to the polymer backbone.…”

Anionic Polymerization of Butadiene Initiated by Tributyltin Sodium. Kinetic Analysis of Induction Periods Generated by Transfer to Initiator Precursor

“…The experimental procedure and purification of solvents and monomers were described in previous communications. [11,16] At the final step, monomers and hydrocarbon solvents were treated with BuLi. THF was treated with sodium mirror in the presence of anthracene, and finally with liquid K-Na alloy until the appearance of a blue color.…”