Polymerization of methylmethacrylate in presence of tetramethylthiuramdisulphide

Štaudner, E.; Kyselá, G.; Beniska, J.; Mikolaj, D.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(78)90168-4

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The lowest values of T 5% were determined for the vulcanizates containing DPG, especially in the EV system, which contained the highest amount of DPG. It was due to the lower thermal stability of DPG as compared to CBS and TMTD 10,45 . Regarding the sulfur/accelerator ratio and consequently the structure of crosslinks, no significant effect on the T 5% was observed considering the standard deviation of the obtained results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of accelerators and curing system composition on the cure characteristics, crosslinks structure and properties of acrylonitrile‐butadiene elastomer

Maciejewska

Sowińska‐Baranowska

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The goal of this work is to study the influence of the type of vulcanization accelerator and the quantitative composition of the curing system on the cure characteristics, morphology of elastomer network, crosslink density and physico-chemical properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) composites.Sulfur curing systems are investigated, which consist of various types of accelerators, that is, sulfenamide, guanidine and thiuram, applied in various proportions to sulfur. The type of accelerator and the sulfur/accelerator ratio significantly affect both the cure rate and the structure and number of crosslinks resulting from the vulcanization. The highest cure rate and the lowest content of polysulfidic crosslinks are exhibited by rubber composites with efficient (EV) curing systems due to the highest content of accelerators compared to semi-efficient (SEV) and conventional (CV) systems. The structure of crosslinks strongly affect tensile properties and hardness of the vulcanizates as well as their solvent resistance, thermal stability and resistance to thermo-oxidative aging.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of accelerators and curing system composition on the cure characteristics, crosslinks structure and properties of acrylonitrile‐butadiene elastomer

Maciejewska

Sowińska‐Baranowska

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Tobolsky et al'O*ll have reported the polymerization of MMA using thiuram disulfides as initiators and have observed that the polymerization rate was not proportional to the square root of the initiator concentration. Later on, Staudner et al [12][13][14] used a kinetic expression for this kind of polymerization and studied the polymerization of the monomers MMA and styrene, initiated by tetramethylthiuram disulfide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of PMMA by a functional “iniferter”: Kinetics of polymerization of MMA using N,N′‐diethyl‐N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) thiuram disulfide

Nair

Clouet

Chaumont

1989

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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α,ω‐Dihydroxy‐terminated‐PMMA was synthesized by the bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of a functional “iniferter,” viz., N,N′‐diethyl‐N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)thiuram disulfide (DHTD). The kinetics of the polymerization were studied by determining the polymerization rate as a function of the “iniferter” concentration at 60, 70, 85, and 95°C. Evaluation of the data by a computerized multiple regression analysis led to calculation of the various kinetic parameters and the activation energies of the related phenomena. The maximum observed in the Rp–initiator concentration curve was found to shift to lower initiator concentration as the temperature increased. The formal reaction order with respect to the concentration of the initiator decreased with increasing temperature and concentration of DHTD. The chain transfer constants of DHTD with MMA were calculated from the molecular weights of the resulting polymers. The functionalities of the oligomers were calculated from the elemental analysis of the chain end groups. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the polymer chain ends were devoid of unsaturated groups and that the polymer underwent degradation only by random scission.

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“…Many investigations are still being conducted to increase the reactivity and the ease of cleavable of the S-S bond [12,21]. Specific initiators include alcoyle disulfides 42, where R represents an aromatic group [49,222], dithiobenzoyl disulfides 43 [223], dialkyl xanthogen disulfides 44 [122], and finally thiuram disulfides 45 [224]: This scheme shows three important differences compared with the classical reaction applied to the telogen formation already described [159][160][161][162]. First, Xz compounds are able to initiate the polymerization readily, unlike telogens in telomerization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of block copolymers by radical polymerization and telomerization

Améduri

Boutevin

Gramain

Advances in Polymer Science

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The synthesis of block copolymers, cooligomers or cotelomers performed from radical polymerization and radical telomerization is discussed. In the first part, the two main methods proposed for obtaining block copolymers by radical polymerization are reviewed. The first method concerns the use of multifunctional micro-or macroinitiators that decompose according to two processes or at two different temperatures, allowing the stepwise insertion of different base units. The second method, more recently proposed, tends to control the reactivity of the growing radicals by the use of either additional stable free radicals or organometallic compounds acting as counter radical, allowing reversible termination steps. These methods still in full development and often referred to as "living" processes, allow well defined block copolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions to be produced. The second part of the review deals with methods of preparation by radical telomerization. Besides the traditional process involving the coupling of co-functional oligomers or telomers and the bistelomerization, the dormant or living telomerization methods are also described. In this last case, the "living" character is achieved by the use of well-chosen transfer agents with specific cleavable bonds leading to reversibility of the termination step.

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Polymerization of methylmethacrylate in presence of tetramethylthiuramdisulphide

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Influence of accelerators and curing system composition on the cure characteristics, crosslinks structure and properties of acrylonitrile‐butadiene elastomer

Influence of accelerators and curing system composition on the cure characteristics, crosslinks structure and properties of acrylonitrile‐butadiene elastomer

Functionalization of PMMA by a functional “iniferter”: Kinetics of polymerization of MMA using N,N′‐diethyl‐N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) thiuram disulfide

Synthesis of block copolymers by radical polymerization and telomerization

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