Polymerizations of epoxides with microwave energy

Zhang, Dong; Crivello, James V.; Stoffer, James O.

doi:10.1002/polb.20279

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In view of the above‐described faster phospha‐Michael addition reaction, we examined the effect of microwave irradiation on the crosslinking of ETR, DPO, and DDM. Curing reactions have been described to proceed slightly faster under microwave irradiation during the early stage of the process 24. Microwave irradiation induces rapid crosslinking, creating a molecular network, which is rigid enough to trap unreacted functional groups, thus causing a lower degree of cure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospha‐Michael addition to enone‐containing triglyceride derivatives as an efficient route to flame retardant renewable thermosets

Moreno

Lligadas

Ronda

et al. 2012

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel phosphorus‐containing vegetable oil (PETR) was prepared through phospha‐Michael addition of a diphenyl phosphine oxide to the enone derivative of high‐oleic sunflower oil (ETR). The reaction was investigated using the enone derivative of methyl oleate under conventional thermal heating and microwave irradiation. The kinetic study showed a great enhancement of reaction rate for the microwave‐initiated addition. The crosslinking of ETR with diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) via aza‐Michael addition was also investigated under microwave irradiation, showing a noticeable acceleration of the curing. The new phosphorus‐containing triglyceride was crosslinked with DDM to obtain phosphorus‐containing vegetable oil‐based thermosets of different phosphorus contents. Limiting oxygen index values from 26.4 to 35.0 for the final materials were obtained, demonstrating that the flame retardant properties of vegetable oil‐based thermosets can be improved by adding covalently bonded phosphorus to the polymer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospha‐Michael addition to enone‐containing triglyceride derivatives as an efficient route to flame retardant renewable thermosets

Moreno

Lligadas

Ronda

et al. 2012

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Then the mixture was stirred, and the temperature of the mixture was measured using a thermocouple connected to the microwave and was adjusted using a software‐driven proportional‐integral‐derivative controller. The temperature and irradiation‐power profiles indicated that the desired temperatures were maintained during the polymerizations (data not shown) . Polymerizations were monitored as described above for those that used conventional heating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of microwave irradiation on the kinetics and activation thermodynamics of ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone

Yamada

Takasu

Kawamura

2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in toluene between 50 and 70 °C, and catalyzed by some Lewis and Brønsted acids to investigate the effects of microwave versus conventional heating on the kinetics and activation thermodynamics of the reaction. The polymerizations proceeded more rapidly when microwave heating, instead of conventional heating, was used to control the temperature. The number‐average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer could be controlled even when microwave heating was used. To identify which thermodynamic activation constants were responsible for the accelerated polymerizations, we performed the reaction at different temperatures to obtain data for the Arrhenius and Eyring equations. Although the values for the activation energies and the activation enthalpies were larger when microwave heating rather than conventional heating was used, the frequency factors and the activation entropies (ΔS‡) over compensated for the less favorable activation energies and enthalpies. The more favorable ΔG‡ found for the microwave‐assisted polymerizations mainly reflect the larger ΔS‡ values, and the rate accelerations appear to be a consequence of differently arranged intermediates and/or transition states. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3732–3739

show abstract

“…Curing reactions have been described to proceed slightly faster under microwave irradiation during the early stage of the process. [14] Microwave irradiation induces rapid crosslinking, creating a molecular network which is rigid enough to trap unreacted functional groups, thus causing a lower degree of cure. It has also been shown that dielectric properties change as cure reaction proceeds due to changes in the network structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Soybean Oil Copolymers Synthesis by Microwave‐Assisted Cationic Polymerization

Sacristán

Ronda

Galià

et al. 2010

Macro Chemistry & Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soybean oil is one of the most promising renewable raw materials for polymers. Cationic copolymerization with a variety of olefinic monomers gives interesting materials but the curing process is tedious and high temperatures and long reaction times are needed. We studied the cationic homopolymerization of soybean oil and its copolymerization with styrene and divinylbenzene under microwave irradiation using boron trifluoride etherate as initiator and the comparison with conventional heating showed a great enhancement in reaction rates.

show abstract

Polymerizations of epoxides with microwave energy

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Phospha‐Michael addition to enone‐containing triglyceride derivatives as an efficient route to flame retardant renewable thermosets

Phospha‐Michael addition to enone‐containing triglyceride derivatives as an efficient route to flame retardant renewable thermosets

The effect of microwave irradiation on the kinetics and activation thermodynamics of ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone

Rapid Soybean Oil Copolymers Synthesis by Microwave‐Assisted Cationic Polymerization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About