Polymerized Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Assemblies for Materials Applications

Gin, Douglas L.; Gu, Wenjia; Pindzola, Bradford A.; Zhou, Wenjing

doi:10.1021/ar000140d

Cited by 227 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

200

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…4 Many concepts and synthetic approaches have been developed to prepare macromolecules with various architectures and topologies, including dendrimers [5][6][7][8] and hyperbranched polymers, 9 -15 supramolecular polymers, 16 -21 cylindrical and spherical polymers, [22][23][24] polymers having folded structures, [25][26][27] molecular wires, 28 -30 metal-core polymers, 31,32 and polymeric nanostructures. [33][34][35] Vinyl polymers are an important category of synthetic materials, with millions of tons produced every year for broad applications such as fibers, plastics, and elastomers. 36 Most vinyl polymers are synthesized by the addition polymerization of vinyl monomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Z. Guan, Control of polymer topology through late‐transition‐metal catalysis, J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem (2003), 41(22), 3680–3692

Guan

2003

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:In this article, recent examples are reviewed of late-transition-metal catalysis applied to polymer topology control. By the judicious selection or design of latetransition-metal catalysts, polymers with a broad range of topologies, including linear, short-chain-branched, hyperbranched, dendritic, and cyclic topologies, have been successfully synthesized. A distinctive advantage of the catalyst approach is that polymers with complex topologies can be prepared in one pot from simple commercial monomers. A fundamental difference of the catalyst approach with respect to other approaches is that the polymer topology is controlled by the catalysts instead of the monomer structure. In our own laboratory, we have successfully used two strategies to control the polymer topology with late-transition-metal catalysts. In the first strategy, hyperbranched polymers are prepared by the direct free-radical polymerization of divinyl monomers through control of the competition between propagation and chain transfer with a cobalt chain-transfer catalyst. In the second strategy, polyethylene topology is successfully controlled by the regulation of the competition between propagation and chain walking with the Brookhart Pd II -␣-bisimine catalyst.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Z. Guan, Control of polymer topology through late‐transition‐metal catalysis, J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem (2003), 41(22), 3680–3692

Guan

2003

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, physical stabilization of self-assembled nanoobjects through covalent bonds is an important subject for practical applications of supramolecular chemistry. [51][52][53] Along this line, we designed HBC amphiphile 4 bearing allylic functionalities at the termini of the oxyalkylene chains. 54 Since the hydrophilic chains cover both inner and outer surfaces of graphitic nanotubes (Figure 10), we initially expected that acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) 55 of preformed nanotubes of 4 ( Figure 15) can lead to the formation of surfacepolymerized nanotubes (Figure 16).…”

Section: Electrical Properties Of Self-assembled Graphitic Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

π-Electronic Soft Materials Based on Graphitic Nanostructures

Fukushima

2006

Polym J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:This review focuses on our recent studies on the development of soft materials consisting of graphitic nanostructures. We found that single-walled carbon nanotubes, when suspended in imidazolium ion-based ionic liquids and ground in an agate mortar, form physical gels (bucky gels), where entangled nanotube bundles are exfoliated to give highly dispersed, much finer bundles. The use of polymerizable ionic liquids as the gelling media leads to the formation of highly electroconductive polymer/nanotube composites, which show a dramatic enhancement in mechanical properties. Bucky gels allow the fabrication of the first printable actuator that operates for a long time in air at low applied voltages. We also succeeded in the development of a new family of nanotubular graphite through self-assembly of amphiphilic hexabenzocoronene derivatives. The nanotube consists of a graphitic wall formed from a great number of -stacked hexabenzocoronene units, which provide a charge carrier transport pathway. Suitable chemical modifications of the amphiphile resulted in the formation of nanotubes with various interesting properties. Details of the design, properties, and scope of such -electronic soft nanomaterials are described herein. [doi:10.1295/polymj.PJ2006042] KEY WORDS Nanotube / Nanomaterial / Soft Material / Graphene / Self-Assembly / -Electronic System / Ionic Liquid / A two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb network of sp 2 -hybridized carbon is known as graphene, which stacks in a three-dimensional regular order to form graphite, a traditional carbon material. While the isolation and electronic properties of a single-layered graphene was reported quite recently, 1-3 the 2D carbon layer has drawn considerable attention in relation to carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical carbon nanoclusters with an extremely high aspect ratio, which are formed by rolling-up of a graphene sheet (Figure 1). 4 Since their discovery, 5,6 not only such an interesting structural aspect but also the extraordinary electronic and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes have fascinated researchers in many fields, thereby leading to remarkable advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology over the last decade.On the other hand, graphene can be regarded as one of the ultimate structural aspects of -conjugated system. Although any methodologies in organic synthesis are currently inaccessible to the infinite 2D carbon layer, organic chemists can design its molecular fragments, i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), bearing desired functions. As graphene stacks to form graphite, PAHs possess strong tendency to form one-dimensional columnar structures via -stacking interactions. Since such unidirectionally aligned assemblies of PAHs can provide anisotropic charge carrier and energy transport pathways, PAHs have been considered as promising components for molecular electronic and optoelectronic devices. [7][8][9][10] We were motivated to explore novel materials based on graphitic nanostructures, in particular, focusing on one-dimensi...

show abstract

“…[15,16] The first development of an organic nanoporous material with 1D-aligned nanochannels was reported by Gin and co-workers. [17][18][19][20] They demonstrated that lyotropic liquid crystals (LCs) could be aligned on a macroscopic scale to form a well-defined nanoporous material for water filtration applications. Feringan et al, [21,22] Kraft et al, [23] Kishikawa et al, [24] and Lee et al [25] have shown examples of columnar LC complexes between benzoic acid derivatives and different kinds of template molecules that form multiple mesophases depending on the length of the alkyl tails applied to the benzoic acid derivatives.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐Selective Binding of Sodium and Potassium Ions in Nanoporous Thin Films of Polymerized Liquid Crystals

Bögels

Lugger

Goor

2016

Adv Funct Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of a nanoporous material from a columnar liquid crystalline complex between a polymerizable benzoic acid derivative and a 1,3,5‐tris(1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐2‐yl)benzene template molecule is described. The morphology of the liquid crystalline complex is retained upon polymerization and quantitative removal of the template molecule affords a nanoporous material with the same lattice parameters. The nanoporous material selectively binds cations from aqueous solution, with selectivity for sodium and potassium ions over lithium and barium ions, as shown with FT‐IR. Binding is also quantified gravimetrically with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, a technique that is used for this purpose for the first time here.

show abstract

Polymerized Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Assemblies for Materials Applications

Cited by 227 publications

References 52 publications

Z. Guan, Control of polymer topology through late‐transition‐metal catalysis, J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem (2003), 41(22), 3680–3692

Z. Guan, Control of polymer topology through late‐transition‐metal catalysis, J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem (2003), 41(22), 3680–3692

π-Electronic Soft Materials Based on Graphitic Nanostructures

Size‐Selective Binding of Sodium and Potassium Ions in Nanoporous Thin Films of Polymerized Liquid Crystals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About