Polymers application in proton exchange membranes for fuel cells (PEMFCs)

Walkowiak-Kulikowska, Justyna; Wolska, Joanna; Koroniak, Henryk

doi:10.1515/psr-2017-0018

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A single fuel cell consists of a cathode and an anode separated by a solid oxide electrolyte as shown in Fig. 1 [1,5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The fuel (hydrogen, methane, etc.)…”

Section: Structure and Mechanism Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is the technologies which are gaining more attention in the modern era due to its optimal power generation boast with enough electrical efficiency for household devices and automobiles [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Fuel cell is an energy conversion electrochemical device, which provides enormous promise for delivering substantial environmental benefits and high electrical efficiency in terms of clean and efficient electric power generation [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Among the types of fuel cells, SOFCs offer diversified advantages such as fuel flexibility, desirable energy (chemical-to-electrical) conversion efficiency that unlimited by Carnot Cycle, chemically non-pollutant, lower emission of gases, generation of heat and electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of solid oxide fuel cell materials: cathode, anode, and electrolyte

2020

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There is a growing interest in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) technology among the researchers a promising power generation with high energy efficiency, inflated fuel flexibility, and low environmental impact compared to conventional power generation systems. SOFCs are devices in which the chemical energy is directly converted into electrical energy with negligible emission. SOFCs have low pollution characteristics, high efficiency (~ 60%), and possess expanded fuel selection with little environmental effects. A single cell component of SOFCs is consisting an anode, cathode and an electrolyte which are stacked layer by layer to produce higher amount of power. The dense ceramic electrolyte transporting O2− ions and fills the space between the electrodes material. Redox reaction occurred at the electrodes side in the presence of fuels. The operating temperatures of SOFCs of 600–1200 °C which produced heat as a byproduct and fast electro-catalytic activity while using nonprecious metals. Many ceramic materials have been investigated for SOFCs electrolyte. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) material was extensively used as dense electrolyte in SOFCs technology. In this review, the article presents; overview of the SOFCs devices and their related materials and mostly reviewed newly available reported.

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Section: Structure and Mechanism Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of solid oxide fuel cell materials: cathode, anode, and electrolyte

2020

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“…However, the main components of a PEFC (PEM, gas diffusion electrodes, bipolar plates, etc.) are still the object of an intense technological research, especially the PEM, which is the core of the fuel cell [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Chemical Treatment on the Physical-Chemical and Electrochemical Properties of the Commercial Nafion™ NR212 Membrane

et al. 2020

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Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs) are one of the most promising power generation systems. The main component of a PEFC is the proton exchange membrane (PEM), object of intense research to improve the efficiency of the cell. The most commonly and commercially successful used PEMs are Nafion™ perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes, taken as a reference for the development of innovative and alternative membranes. Usually, these membranes undergo different pre-treatments to enhance their characteristics. With the aim of understanding the utility and the effects of such pre-treatments, in this study, a commercial Nafion™ NR212 membrane was subjected to two different chemical pre-treatments, before usage. HNO3 or H2O2 were selected as chemical agents because the most widely used ones in the procedure protocols in order to prepare the membrane in a well-defined reference state. The pre-treated membranes properties were compared to an untreated membrane, used as-received. The investigation has showed that the pre-treatments enhance the hydrophilicity and increase the water molecules coordinated to the sulphonic groups in the membrane structure, on the other hand the swelling of the membranes also increases. As a consequence, the untreated membrane shows a better mechanical resistance, a good electrochemical performance and durability in fuel cell operations, orienting toward the use of the NR212 membrane without any chemical pre-treatment.

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“…This electrolyte separator allows a selective transport of protons from anode to cathode and acts as an electron insulator material. [1][2][3] The membrane is usually made from an ionomeric polymer, which must fulfill the following properties: i) high proton mobility, ii) reactant separation of the two half-cells, iii) low permeability to the redox reagents involved, i.e., avoid crossover, iv) adequate mechanical properties, allowing to obtain a membrane thickness of 10-250 µm, v) long lifetime, vi) low cost, and viii) the capability of fabrication into electrode/ membrane/electrode assemblies. [4] Nowadays, the DuPont's Nafion membranes (perfluorosulfonic acid copolymer) and its derivate membranes dominate the market, particularly in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolymer Electrolyte Membranes (BioPEMs) for Sustainable Primary Redox Batteries

Alday

Barros

Alves

et al. 2019

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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The proliferation of portable electronic devices has resulted in an increase of e‐waste that is generated after their use. One of the most hazardous components in e‐waste are batteries, due to their content of heavy metals and toxic chemicals. Fuel cells and redox flow batteries have been recognized as more sustainable alternatives to Li‐based batteries for powering portable applications. Although they provide comparable energy and power densities, they still face some challenges because they rely on proton exchange membranes based on nonenvironmentally friendly, high‐priced perfluorosulfonic acid copolymers that require energy‐intense manufacturing and recycling procedures. In this work, eco‐friendly and sustainable biopolymer electrolyte membranes (BioPEMs) are synthesized from biopolymers like chitosan, cellulose, and starch. These BioPEMs bring forth advantages in performance, sustainability, and cost. Additionally, they present good chemical and mechanical stability, high ionic conductivity in the same order of magnitude as Nafion membranes. Two alternatives of cellulose–chitosan based BioPEMs are successfully applied into primary redox batteries using benign eco‐friendly redox chemistries, delivering open circuit voltages above 0.75 V and power output up to 2.5 mW cm−2. These results demonstrate BioPEMs capability to improve biodegradable batteries in sectors requiring a transient electrical energy, such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, or packaging.

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Polymers application in proton exchange membranes for fuel cells (PEMFCs)

Cited by 54 publications

References 9 publications

Review of solid oxide fuel cell materials: cathode, anode, and electrolyte

Review of solid oxide fuel cell materials: cathode, anode, and electrolyte

Effects of the Chemical Treatment on the Physical-Chemical and Electrochemical Properties of the Commercial Nafion™ NR212 Membrane

Biopolymer Electrolyte Membranes (BioPEMs) for Sustainable Primary Redox Batteries

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