Polymicrobial Osteomyelitis of the Odontoid Process with Epidural Abscess: Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Osteomyelitis of the odontoid process is a rare disease and Staphylococcus aureus is the usual causative organism. We present a case caused by a synergistic infection with Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis, which has not been reported previously. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis, and early institution of broad antimicrobial therapy, including agents active against gramnegative organisms, is mandatory.

Transoral Mandibular Tongue-Splitting Approach in Upper Cervical Epidural Abscess: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…The incidence of spinal epidural abscesses has increased due to the increasing prevalence of immunocompromized status and the aging population 30,31) . Moreover, the main source of UCEA is contiguous spread, such as that in the case of otorhinolaryngologic disease and tooth extraction [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . Thus, 7 there may be an increasing number of patients with UCEA requiring anterior debridement and 8 stabilization.…”

“…An upper cervical epidural abscess (UCEA) can cause fatal 6 respiratory failure and/or tetraplegia, and emergent surgical intervention is required in patients with 7 progressive limb paralysis 7) . Although the transoral approach is frequently used for the treatment of 8 UCEA [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] , it may be inappropriate if a wide operative field and anterior stabilization are required [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . For such patients, the transoral mandibular tongue-splitting approach may be useful, but it has not been used for the treatment of UCEA due to its invasiveness and possible complications [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] .…”

Neonatal C1 to C2 Osteomyelitis Leading to Instability and Neurological Decline

“…13,14 Cases of C1, C2, and odontoid osteomyelitis in the adult population are rare but those that are in the literature typically resolved with antibiotics 3,15,16 or antibiotics and decompression of the abscess. 4,[17][18][19] Fusion was only occasionally required. 20,21 When it does occur in a neonate, vertebral osteomyelitis is typically a result of bacteremia or septicemia.…”

A Brief Reprt of Polymicrobial Osteomyelitis of Odontoid Process with Epidural Abscess

“…Osteomyelitis of the odontoid process is very rare and therefore requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for diagnosis (2)(3)(4). The diagnosis requires a careful assessment of history, comorbid conditions, laboratory tests and imaging.…”