Polymorphism and distribution of putative cell-surface adhesin-encoding ORFs among human fecal isolates of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum

Iguchi, Atsushi; Umekawa, Nao; Maegawa, Takahiro; Tsuruta, Hiroki; Odamaki, Toshitaka; Xiao, Jin‐zhong; Osawa, Ro

doi:10.1007/s10482-010-9506-5

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Since then, gene clusters encoding for sortase-dependent pili have been found in few other non-pathogenic intestinal isolates, for example in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 20) . Interestingly, in comparison with the related L. rhamnosus LC705 strain, the SpaCBA pilus genes, encoding the SpaA major pilin and the SpaB and SpaC minor pilin subunits, are present in only L. rhamnosus GG 22) .…”

Section: Pilimentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion of microbes to the intestinal surface: lessons from the paradigm probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Reunanen

Ossowski

Vos

et al. 2012

Jpn. J. Lactic Acid Bact.

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The human gastrointestinal tract (GI-tract) is heavily colonized by a multitude of microbes, collectively called the microbiota. The microbiota provide us with metabolic capabilities not encoded in the human genome, e.g. the ability to utilize energy stored in dietary polysaccharides otherwise indigestible to us. Our microbiota also protects us against pathogens by competing for nutrients and binding sites within the GI-tract. Furthermore, given that cells of the GI-tract microbiota outnumber those of the host by tenfold , this microbial ecosystem can be viewed as 'an organ in an organ'. The GI-tract microbiota has been a subject of intensive research during the last years, and its importance in health and disease is only starting to be realized because of recent breakthrough observations linking the human microbiota composition with major human diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. As the knowledge about the GI-tract microbiota composition and its impact on host health begins to accumulate, undoubtedly much of the research focus will shift from the systems level toward individual species and molecules. Consequently, there will be an increasing need for reductionist/functional proteomic approaches to identify and characterize the various 'molecular players' being utilized by different bacteria during their attachment to the intestinal epithelium of both healthy and diseased hosts. In this review we will highlight our recent findings about mucus adhesion mechanisms of the paradigm probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.

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Section: Pilimentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion of microbes to the intestinal surface: lessons from the paradigm probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Reunanen

Ossowski

Vos

et al. 2012

Jpn. J. Lactic Acid Bact.

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“…These genes were highly conserved in fecal B. longum strains. 22 Six genes involved with the biosynthesis of several B-vitamins were detected of which the ones involved in vitamin B1, 3, 6 and 7 were upregulated by GFP. Production of such vitamins may provide a health benefit to the host.…”

Section: Dynamics Of the Total Bacterial Community And Bifidobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The fecal bifidobacterial transcriptome of adults: A microarray approach

Klaassens¹,

Ben-Amor²,

Vriesema³

et al. 2011

Gut Microbes

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Bifidobacteria are a predominant group present among adult human intestinal microbiota and are considered to be beneficial to host health. Both the dynamics and functional activity of bifidobacteria from the intestinal tract of four adults, following ingestion of a mix consisting of short chain galactooligosaccharides, long chain fructooligosaccharides and acidic oligosaccharides from pectin hydrolysate (GFP), was investigated. The percentage of total bifidobacteria, monitored by quantitative real time PCR, was not significantly altered but marked species-specific changes occurred in all individuals over time, indicating a dynamic bifidobacterial community. Insight into the functional activity of the bifidobacteria was acquired using a clone library-based microarray comprising the genomes of various bifidobacteria to reveal the bifidobacterial transcriptome within the fecal community. Total RNA from the fecal microbial community was hybridized to the microarray and 310 clones were selected for sequencing which revealed genes belonging to a wide range of functional groups demonstrating substantial metabolic activity. While the intake of GFP did not have a significant effect on the overall change in gene expression, 82 genes showed a significant change. Most of the predicted genes were involved in metabolism of carbohydrates of plant origin, house keeping functions such as DNA replication and transcription, followed by membrane transport of a wide variety of substrates including sugars and metals and amino acid metabolism. Other genes were involved in transport, nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, environmental information processing and cellular processes and signalling. A smaller number of genes were involved in general metabolism, glycan metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and cell surface. These results support the notion that bifidobacteria utilize mainly indigestible polysaccharides as their main source of energy and biosynthesis of cellular components.

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“…longum revealed that an ORF named BL0675 encoding putative fimbrial subunit protein had a highly variable sequence in each strain [46]. These sequences were classified into five variant types based on the sequence polymorphisms.…”

Section: Genomics- and Omics-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection frequency of these variant types in human feces was also investigated by a quantitative PCR method using specific primers for each variant type. It was inferred that BL0675 might contribute to host-specific colonization as a fimbrial protein with glycoprotein-binding ability [46]. …”

Section: Genomics- and Omics-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological Advances in Bifidobacterial Molecular Genetics: Application to Functional Genomics and Medical Treatments

Fukiya

Hirayama

Sakanaka

et al. 2012

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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Bifidobacteria are well known as beneficial intestinal bacteria that exert health-promoting effects in humans. In addition to physiological and immunological investigations, molecular genetic technologies have been developed and have recently started to be applied to clarify the molecular bases of host-Bifidobacterium interactions. These technologies include transformation technologies and Escherichia coli-Bifidobacterium shuttle vectors that enable heterologous gene expression. In this context, a plasmid artificial modification method that protects the introduced plasmid from the restriction system in host bifidobacteria has recently been developed to increase transformation efficiency. On the other hand, targeted gene inactivation systems, which are vital for functional genomics, seemed far from being practically applicable in bifidobacteria. However, remarkable progress in this technology has recently been achieved, enabling functional genomics in bifidobacteria. Integrated use of these molecular genetic technologies with omics-based analyses will surely boost characterization of the molecular basis underlying beneficial effects of bifidobacteria. Applications of recombinant bifidobacteria to medical treatments have also progressed.

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Polymorphism and distribution of putative cell-surface adhesin-encoding ORFs among human fecal isolates of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Adhesion of microbes to the intestinal surface: lessons from the paradigm probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Adhesion of microbes to the intestinal surface: lessons from the paradigm probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

The fecal bifidobacterial transcriptome of adults: A microarray approach

Technological Advances in Bifidobacterial Molecular Genetics: Application to Functional Genomics and Medical Treatments

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