Polymorphism and gene arrangement among plastomes of ten Epilobium species

Abstract

Plastid DNAs of ten different Epilobium species from four continents have been analysed using the restriction endonucleases BamHI, BglI, BglII, EcoRI, PstI, PvuII and SalI. With respect to the position of cleavage sites of those enzymes, each species has a specific plastome. Fragment patterns of different species from the same continent show a higher degree of similarity than those from different continents. Physical maps of the circular plastid DNA molecule have been constructed for each of the ten species by localising the cleavage sites of the enzymes BglI, PvuII and SalI. As in most other higher plants, the plastid DNA of Epilobium is segmentally organized into two inverted repeats separated by a large and a small single copy region. In heterologous hybridization experiments using radioactively labelled gene probes, the positions of structural genes coding for the rRNAs and for seven polypeptides have been determined. In contrast to its closest relative, Oenothera, the gene arrangement of Epilobium plastomes has the same order as in spinach. This indicates that changes in gene arrangement may be genus-specific and not the result of one or several events affecting all members of a plant family.

The complete nucleotide sequences of the five genetically distinct plastid genomes of Oenothera , subsection Oenothera : I. Sequence evaluation and plastome evolution †

“…At the generic level the large inversion shared among all Oenothera plastomes provides a robust phylogenetic marker. The almost identical endpoints and its absence in the closely related South American subsection Munzia , in subsection Raimannia ( 62 ) or in the sister group Epilobium ( 94 ) suggest that this inversion is not caused by one of the proposed rare parallel inversions ( 79–81 ), but has arisen monophyletically within the Oenothera clade and late in the history of the Onagracean complex. It predates the divergence of the subsection, occurred either in the basic plastome IV or in the common ancestor of the subsection, and hence marks a recent split in the history of the genus.…”

Genetic Variation ofzoysiain Taiwan as Analyzed by Isozyme Patterns and Salinity Tolerance

“…Many workers have concluded that isozymes play a significant role in clarifying the taxonomy, phylogenetic position and the population variation (Shannon, 1968;Gottlieb, 1982; Schmitz and Kowallik, 1986). Isozymes have also been examined in relation to the environment.…”

THE USE OF PLASTID DNA RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE PATTERNS IN DELINEATING RED ALGAL SPECIES AND POPULATIONS1

“…T h e positions of the endonuclease-generated bands of plastid D N A are identical or nearly identical when samples from different populations of a single species of flowering plant are compared (Timothy et al 1979, Lebacq and Vedel, 1981, Vedel et al 1981, Palmer and Zamir 1982, Berthou et al 1983, Bowman et al 1983, Palmer et al 1983, Clegg et al 1984, Salts et al 1984, Schmitz and Kowallik 1986, von Stein and Hachtel 1986. Samples from two closely related species may have several bands at different positions, the result of single base mutations or D N A rearrangements which have altered the position of endonuclease cuts.…”