Polymorphism-dependent fluorescence of bisthienylmaleimide with different responses to mechanical crushing and grinding pressure

Abstract:The possibility to change the morphology of organic and organometallic materials through mechanical stimulation is emerging as a general and powerful concept for the design of functional materials. In particular the photophysical properties, such as photoluminescence color, quantum yield and emission lifetime of organic and organometallic fluorophores can significantly depend on the molecular packing, enabling the development of molecular materials with mechanoresponsive luminescence characteristics. Indeed, an increasing number of studies have shown in recent years that mechanical force can be utilized to change the molecular arrangement, and thereby the optical response, of luminescent molecular assemblies of π-conjugated organic or organometallic molecules. This report reviews the development of such mechanoresponsive luminescent (MRL) molecular assemblies consisting of organic or organometallic molecules and summarizes emerging trends in this research field.After a brief introduction of mechanoresponsive luminescence observed in molecular assemblies, the concept of "luminescent molecular domino" is introduced, before molecular materials that show turn-on/off of photoluminescence in response to mechanical stimulation are reviewed. Mechanically stimulated multi-color changes and water-soluble MRL materials are also highlighted and approaches that combine the concept of MRL molecular assemblies with other materials types are presented in the last part of this progress report.

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Section: Multicolor Photoluminescence Change In Response To Mechanicamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4‐Bisthienylmaleimide 46 shows distinct responses to mechanical grinding and crushing . Crystals showing orange photoluminescence ( 46OC ) were obtained by recrystallization from the THF/ethanol solution.…”

Section: Multicolor Photoluminescence Change In Response To Mechanicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanoresponsive Luminescent Molecular Assemblies: An Emerging Class of Materials

et al. 2015

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“…Different polymorphs may also exhibit different fluorescence colors, and several fluorescent polymorphic materials whose altered emission between two states under stimuli can be controlled and reversibly switched through interconversion between polymorphs have been reported [15][16][17][18][19] . Despite many potential applications in different areas, such as pigment, sensor, and technology industries, there are only few examples of systems displaying color polymorphism reported in the literature.…”

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confidence: 99%

Color polymorphism in organic crystals

2020

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Color polymorphism is an interesting property of chemical systems which present crystal polymorphs of different colors. It is a rare phenomenon, with only a few examples reported in the literature hitherto. Nevertheless, systems exhibiting color polymorphism have many potential applications in different domains, such as pigment, sensor, and technology industries. Here, known representative chemical systems showing color polymorphism are reviewed, and the reasons for them to present such property discussed. Also, since some of the concepts related to color polymorphism have been frequently used imprecisely in the scientific literature, this article provides concise, systematic definitions for these concepts. T his paper focuses on color polymorphism, a fascinating property exhibited by chemical systems that present polymorphs showing different colors. In the first few sections, unambiguous definitions of the structural properties and of the relevant physical concepts related with this subject will be provided, since some of them have been frequently used in an imprecise way in the scientific literature. Then, the physicochemical reasons leading to color polymorphism will be described briefly using an essentially phenomenological approach. The last few sections of this paper will survey representative chemical systems showing color polymorphism. Terminology Polymorphism. In the crystallographic context, polymorphism, from the Greek poly (many) and morphe (form), also known as crystal polymorphism, refers to the ability of a certain compound to exist in different crystallographic structures, resulting from different packing arrangements of its molecules in the crystal structure 1. It is worth to differentiate between polymorphism and allotrophism. While the latter term describes the existence of different crystal structures of the same element, polymorphism is used regarding different crystalline structures of compounds. It is also important to mention that in this review, one will not consider solvates, hydrates, or dynamic isomers (including geometric isomers and tautomers) as polymorphic phases, but instead, as pseudopolymorphic states. Hence, a safe criterion for the classification of a system as polymorphic would be if the crystal structures are different but give rise to the same liquid and vapor states. Why is polymorphism so important? The main reason is that although being composed of the same compound, different polymorphic structures can behave as different materials 2. Indeed, in

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“…Yamaguchi and co‐workers have reported a rare example of an ML organic material whose luminescence displays distinct responses to mechanical grinding and hydrostatic pressures . Ling and co‐workers have found that the solid‐state luminescence of a bisthienylanleimide compound is sensitive to both mechanical crushing and grinding . However, the phenomenon that organic solids simultaneously exhibit ML responded to compressing (isotropic pressure), grinding (anisotropic pressure), and smashing (tensile force) has not yet been reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

Luminescent Chromism of Boron Diketonate Crystals: Distinct Responses to Different Stresses

et al. 2015

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An organic crystal adopts a molecular packing that can be readily perturbed by external stresses like tensile forces, isotropic pressure, and anisotropic pressure through mechanical smashing, grinding, and compressing, respectively. As a result, the crystals display mechanoluminescence (ML) in response to different mechanical stimuli. The present study provides a model in which three distinct MLs are combined into one organic material.

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Polymorphism-dependent fluorescence of bisthienylmaleimide with different responses to mechanical crushing and grinding pressure

Cited by 54 publications

References 59 publications

Mechanoresponsive Luminescent Molecular Assemblies: An Emerging Class of Materials

Mechanoresponsive Luminescent Molecular Assemblies: An Emerging Class of Materials

Color polymorphism in organic crystals

Luminescent Chromism of Boron Diketonate Crystals: Distinct Responses to Different Stresses

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