Polymorphism in <i>Cepaea</i>: A Problem with Too Many Solutions?

Jones, Jeffrey M.; Leith, B. H.; Rawlings, P.

doi:10.1146/annurev.es.08.110177.000545

Cited by 445 publications

(425 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Studies performed in molluscs (Jones et al 1977;Goodhart 1987), reptiles (Andre´n and Nilson 1981), anurans (Hoffman and Blouin 2000), insects (Wilson et al 2001), birds (Roulin 2004) and plants (Armbruster 2002) showed that many genetic colour polymorphisms are not selectively neutral with respect to life history components, since alternative morphs are frequently observed to achieve a different reproductive success. This can often be explained by non-random habitat distribution of individuals with respect to colour morphs (Roulin 2004), suggesting that morphs are under disruptive selection by being adapted to alternative ecological niches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen consumption in offspring tawny owls Strix aluco is associated with colour morph of foster mother

et al. 2005

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In several colour polymorphic species, morphs differ in thermoregulation either because dark and pale surfaces absorb solar radiation to a different extent and/or because morphs differ in key metabolic processes. Morph-specific thermoregulation may potentially account for the observation that differently coloured individuals are frequently not randomly distributed among habitats, and differ in many respects, including behaviour, morphology, survival and reproductive success. In a wild population of the colour polymorphic tawny owl Strix aluco, a recent crossfostering experiment showed that offspring raised and born from red mothers were heavier than those from grey mothers. In the present study, we tested in the same individuals whether these morph-specific offspring growth patterns were associated with a difference in metabolic rate between offspring of red and grey mothers. For this purpose, we measured nestling oxygen consumption under two different temperatures (laboratory measurements: 4 and 20°C), and examined the relationships between these data sets and the colour morph of foster and biological mothers. After controlling for nestling body mass, oxygen consumption at 20°C was greater in foster offspring raised by grey foster mothers. No relationship was found between nestling oxygen consumption and coloration of their biological mother. Therefore, our study indicates that in our experiment offspring raised by grey foster mothers showed not only a lower body mass than offspring raised by red foster mothers, but also consumed more oxygen under warm temperature. This further indicates that rearing conditions in nests of grey mothers were more stressful than in nests of red mothers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen consumption in offspring tawny owls Strix aluco is associated with colour morph of foster mother

et al. 2005

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“…The variation of climatic factors along the altitude gradient determines gradual changes in the frequency of the forms (BRAKEFIELD 1984, ABBAS et al 1988, THORPE & BROWN 1989. On the other hand, the habitat and biotic factors are more localized and irregular and result in patterns different to those provoked by climatic gradients (MAYR 1970, JONES et al 1977, HALKA & HALKA 1990. The occurrence of frequency variations in polymorphisms along altitude gradients has been registered in many species (BRAKEFIELD 1984, 1985, MCLAIN 1985, THORPE & BROWN 1989.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For such authors as NEVO (1973), JONES et al (1977) and HALKA & HALKA (1990), the action of various selective forces, especially in species with extensive distribution areas, would greatly complicate the general descriptions of the observed polymorphisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The colour is one of the few phenotypic characters that vary in discrete classes, and this suggests a character with a simple genetic base that is thus easily applied in classical genetic work (see for example, EKENDALL & JOHANNESSON 1997, HOFFMAN & BLOUIN 2000, and classical studies with Biston betularia Linnaeus, 1758(KETTLWELL 1961 and Cepaea sp. (JONES et al 1977).…”

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Analysis of the geographical variation of elytral color polymorphisms in three species of soldier beetles, Chauliognathus Hentz (Cantharidae) in southern Brazil

Machado

Valiati

2006

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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In the present report, we investigate polymorphism in three of the Brazilian species of Chauliognathus Hentz, 1930 (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), by analyzing the geographical color pattern variation of the elytra in C. flavipes, C. fallax and C. octomaculatus. These species belong to the mullerian complex called the "yellow-black". They are usually found in clusters on their host plants at various locations and present similarities in the external body morphology and in the color pattern of the elytra and the pronotum. Chauliognathus flavipes is the most common species with eight phenotypic classes followed by of C. fallax and C. octomaculatus with six and two phenotypic classes respectively. The analyses indicate a statistically significant difference in the frequencies of colour patterns of the three species over the entire area sampled. In general, the significant differences were observed between the regions of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (p < 0.05) but were not found within the individual regions except in the case of the Metropolitan region. That region and its three microregions demonstrated a positive co-relationship between an increase in altitude and the occurrence of diversity in C. flavipes and C. fallax (r = 0.860, p < 0.01; r = 0.974, p < 0.01, respectively).

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“…75 Lewontin, 1979, p. 152. 76 Leith, Jones, andRawlings, 1977. The eight processes are: 1) visual selection by predator, 2) climatic selection, 3) frequency-dependent selection, 4) disruptive selection, 5) density-dependent selection, 6) heterozygote advantage and stabilizing selection, 7) random drift (including gamete sampling, bottlenecks, and founder effect), and 8) linkage disequilibrium and coadaptation.…”

Section: Mildly Optimistic Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Drift and Selection Empirically: “The Great Snail Debate” of the 1950s

Millstein

2007

J Hist Biol

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Polymorphism in Cepaea: A Problem with Too Many Solutions?

Cited by 445 publications

References 135 publications

Oxygen consumption in offspring tawny owls Strix aluco is associated with colour morph of foster mother

Oxygen consumption in offspring tawny owls Strix aluco is associated with colour morph of foster mother

Analysis of the geographical variation of elytral color polymorphisms in three species of soldier beetles, Chauliognathus Hentz (Cantharidae) in southern Brazil

Distinguishing Drift and Selection Empirically: “The Great Snail Debate” of the 1950s

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