Polymorphism of CLE gene sequences in potato

Abstract

CLE (CLV3/ESR) is one of the most important groups of peptide phytohormones: its members regulate the development of various plant organs and tissues, as well as interaction with some parasites and symbionts and response to environmental factors. In this regard, the identification and study of the CLE genes encoding the peptides of this group in cultivated plants are of great practical interest. Relatively little is known about the functions of CLE peptides in potato, since the CLE genes of the potato Solanum phureja Juz. et Buk. were characterized only in 2021. At the same time, potato includes plenty of tuberous species of the genus Solanum L., both wild and cultivated, and the diversity of its forms may depend on differences in the sequences of CLE genes. In this work, we performed a search for and analysis of the CLE gene sequences in three wild potato species (S. bukasovii Juz., S. verrucosum Schltdl., S. commersonii Dunal) and four cultivated species (S. chaucha Juz. et Buk., S. curtilobum Juz. et Buk., S. juzepczukii Juz. et Buk., S. ajanhuiri Juz. et Buk.). In total, we identified 332 CLE genes in the analyzed potato species: from 40 to 43 genes of this family for each potato species. All potato species taken for analysis had homologues of previously identified S. phureja CLE genes; at the same time, the CLE42 gene, which is absent from the S. phureja genome, is present in all other analyzed potato species. Polymorphism of CLE proteins of S. commersonii is significantly higher than that of other analyzed potato species, due to the fact that S. commersonii grows in places outside the growing areas of other potato species and this potato is probably not one of the ancestors of cultivated potato. We also found examples of polymorphism of domains of CLE proteins that carried different functions. Further study of potato CLE proteins will reveal their role in development, including regulation of productivity in this important agricultural crop.

The CLE33 peptide represses phloem differentiation via autocrine and paracrine signaling in Arabidopsis

“…However, advanced methods like ribosome profiling combined with transcriptomics and peptidomics 32 , 33 have shown a great success in identifying a few thousands of such genes in Medicago 32 and maize 33 . In addition, the genome-wide analyses using hidden Markov models 34 led to the identification of new peptides 24 , 35 . With the aid of such advanced methods, we will be soon able to obtain a full repertoire of plant signaling peptides regulating a myriad of developmental and adaptive responses.…”

A novel Arabidopsis peptide represses phloem differentiation via autocrine and paracrine signaling

“…However, advanced methods like ribosome profiling combined with transcriptomics and peptidomics (34,35) have shown a great success in identifying a few thousands of such genes in Medicago (34) maize (35). In addition, the genome-wide analyses using Hidden-Markov-Models (36) led to identification of the new peptides (26,37). Thanks to these advanced methods, we will be soon able to obtain a full repertoire of plant signaling peptides regulating a myriad of developmental and adaptive responses.…”

Molecular Mechanisms of Regulation of Root Development by Plant Peptides

“…The Arabidopsis genome contains 32 CLE genes. CLE genes have been found to be expressed in almost all tissues, indicating their broad biological functions [ 50 , 51 ]. It has been established that all CLE peptides are formed as a result of the hydrolytic processing of larger precursor proteins [ 52 ].…”

“…The RGF peptide family in Arabidopsis includes 11 members, more than half of which are specifically expressed in resting central cells, columella stem cells, and the innermost layer of columella central cells at the root apex [ 93 ]. It was found that the synthesized RGF peptides are able to restore the size of the meristem by increasing the number of meristematic cells, which is accompanied by the restoration of the stem cell function in the roots of the tpst- 1 mutant [ 51 , 91 ]. On the contrary, the triple mutation rgf1-1, rgf2-1, rgf3-1 leads to a decrease in the number of meristematic cells and causes a short root phenotype.…”

“…The third sulfated peptide, RGF1, is a secreted 13 amino acid peptide involved in maintaining the Arabidopsis root stem cell niche [ 51 ]. RGFs are generated from precursor peptides (≈100 amino acids) by post-translational sulfation followed by proteolytic processing.…”