Polymorphisms in cyanogenic glucoside and cyano‐amino acid content in natural accessions of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and selection for improved agronomic performance

Abstract

Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is an important annual forage legume. It is used as a cover crop, green manure, pasture legume and for silage and hay production. Its seeds can be used as a source of highly digestible protein and minerals in animal diets. However, their utilization as a feedstuff for monogastric animals is hindered by the fact that the seeds contain cyanogenic antinutritional factors that reduce their palatability. An effective utilization of V. sativa seeds as a successful monogastric feed stuff requires selection for higher protein availability and minimization of the cyanogenic antinutritional factors content. In this study, we selected one natural accession named Mjez Ibeb, from a collection of 25 accessions and cultivars, based on its superior agronomic performance and its naturally occurring genetic variation for cyanogenic traits. We investigated the genetic variation that exists for the cyanogenesis trait in more detail and analysed the seeds of 133 lines derived from accession Mjez lbeb. Of these, 40 naturally polymorphic lines that showed deficiencies in cyanogenesis and cyano‐amino acid content, were subsequently selected for detailed chemical analysis. Cyanogenic glucosides and cyano‐amino acid concentrations varied widely in the 40 lines. Multivariate analysis was performed and three lines (L16, L21, L18) with low content of cyanogenic compounds were identified.

Agronomical and breeding approaches to improve the nutritional status of forage crops for better livestock productivity

“…Anti-nutritional factors such as plant secondary compounds can affect the forage crop's palatability (Berger et al, 2003). Genetic variability is prevalent in fodder crops for ANFs (Aouida et al, 2019). Breeding selection for high digestible protein with reduced ANF content must be required to increase the palatability of feedstuff.…”

“…Aouida et al (2019) reported the presence of polymorphism in cyanogenic glucoside and cyano-amino acid content in naturalTA B L E 2Abbreviations: ADF, acid detergent fibre; ADL, acid detergent lignin; BMR, brown midrib; CP, crude protein; DAS, days after sowing; NDF, neutral detergent fibre; NO, nitrous oxide.…”

Effects of cultivar and growing degree day accumulations on forage partitioning and nutritive value of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) on the Tibetan plateau

“…However, the banning of meat meal in ruminant diets in the EU 2 as well as in other regions of the world magnifies the pressure on livestock farmers to produce home‐grown alternative high‐protein forages. The use of common vetch in grassland‐livestock systems has expanded greatly in many countries of the world, 3–5 partly for its good suitability for planting where other annual legumes 6 or perennial forage legumes 7 are poorly cultivated, but also because it is a high‐concentration protein forage crop 8,9 with the potential for use across a range of livestock classes. However, the optimal use of common vetch forages demands a suitable synchronization of forage nutritional composition with the nutrient requirements of each livestock class.…”

Physiological Adaptation And Transcriptome Changes In The Plateau Plant Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa L.) In Response To The Plain Environment

“…With the increasing demand for animal protein, the demand for animal feed rich in protein is also increasing 15 . However, due to the aggravation of land degradation and the impact of climate change and other factors on the mainland, the original feed crops have been unable to meet the needs of humans.…”