Polymyositis and DNA collection in the Hungarian vizsla dog

Rusbridge, Clare; Nicholas, Nikianna; Addicott, Diane

doi:10.1136/vr.d372

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The records were collected from dogs from which DNA had been submitted to the Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research (CIGMR, University of Manchester, UK) between 1992 and 2013. Cases had been recruited following a nationwide appeal for Hungarian Vizslas affected with polymyositis and their affected or unaffected relatives [ 74 - 76 ]. Details of the phenotype were generated for each case [ 77 ], stating Kennel Club registration number, pedigree name, common name, coat colour, gender, age, and weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy in the Hungarian Vizsla

Tauro¹,

Addicott²,

Foale³

et al. 2015

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundA retrospective study of the clinicopathological features of presumed and confirmed cases of idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy in the Hungarian Vizsla dog and guidelines for breeding.Results369 medical records were reviewed (1992–2013) and 77 Hungarian Vizslas were identified with a case history consistent with idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy. Inclusion criteria were: group 1 (confirmed diagnosis); histopathology and clinical findings compatible with an inflammatory polymyopathy and group 2 (probable diagnosis); clinical findings compatible with a polymyopathy including dysphagia, sialorrhea, temporal muscle atrophy, elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) activity, and sufficient clinical history to suggest that other neuromuscular disorders could be ruled out. Some group 2 dogs had muscle biopsy, which suggested muscle disease but did not reveal an inflammatory process. The mean age of onset was 2.4 years; male dogs were slightly overrepresented. Common presenting signs were dysphagia, sialorrhea, masticatory muscle atrophy, and regurgitation. Common muscle histopathological findings included degenerative and regenerative changes, with multifocal mononuclear cell infiltration with lymphoplasmacytic myositis of variable severity. A positive response to immunosuppressive treatment supported an immune-mediated aetiology. The mean age at death and survival time were 6.4 and 3.9 years, respectively. Recurrence of clinical signs and aspiration pneumonia were common reasons for euthanasia.ConclusionsDiagnosis of Vizsla idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy can be challenging due to lack of specific tests, however the presence of dysphagia, regurgitation and masticatory muscle atrophy in this breed with negative serological tests for masticatory muscle myositis and myasthenia gravis, along with muscle biopsies suggesting an inflammatory process, support the diagnosis. However, there is an urgent need for a more specific diagnostic test. The average of inbreeding coefficient (CoI) of 16.3% suggests an increased expression of a Dog Leukocyte Antigen Class II haplotype, leading to an increased disease risk. The prognosis remains guarded, as treatment can only manage the disease. Recurrence of clinical signs and perceived poor quality of life are the most common reasons for humane euthanasia.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-015-0408-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy in the Hungarian Vizsla

Tauro¹,

Addicott²,

Foale³

et al. 2015

BMC Vet Res

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“…As well as the identification of consistent clinical signs [3], 12 cases had definitive histopathological confirmation by muscle biopsy and one by study at post-mortem. The most common biopsy site was the temporal muscle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It is also important to rule out other neuromuscular diseases and infectious myopathies. Immunosuppressive drug therapies have been used to treat the disease and dogs appear to respond well [3]. This has furthered support for the hypothesis of an immune-mediated aetiology for myositis in this particular breed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Association of an MHC Class II Haplotype with Increased Risk of Polymyositis in Hungarian Vizsla Dogs

Massey

Rothwell

Rusbridge³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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A breed-specific polymyositis is frequently observed in the Hungarian Vizsla. Beneficial clinical response to immunosuppressive therapies has been demonstrated which points to an immune-mediated aetiology. Canine inflammatory myopathies share clinical and histological similarities with the human immune-mediated myopathies. As MHC class II associations have been reported in the human conditions we investigated whether an MHC class II association was present in the canine myopathy seen in this breed. 212 Hungarian Vizsla pedigree dogs were stratified both on disease status and degree of relatedness to an affected dog. This generated a group of 29 cases and 183 “graded” controls: 93 unaffected dogs with a first degree affected relative, 44 unaffected dogs with a second degree affected relative, and 46 unaffected dogs with no known affected relatives. Eleven DLA class II haplotypes were identified, of which, DLA-DRB1*02001/DQA1*00401/DQB1*01303, was at significantly raised frequency in cases compared to controls (OR = 1.92, p = 0.032). When only control dogs with no family history of the disease were compared to cases, the association was further strengthened (OR = 4.08, p = 0.00011). Additionally, a single copy of the risk haplotype was sufficient to increase disease risk, with the risk substantially increasing for homozygotes. There was a trend of increasing frequency of this haplotype with degree of relatedness, indicating low disease penetrance. These findings support the hypothesis of an immune-mediated aetiology for this canine myopathy and give credibility to potentially using the Hungarian Vizsla as a genetic model for comparative studies with human myositis.

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Polymyositis and DNA collection in the Hungarian vizsla dog

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Clinical features of idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy in the Hungarian Vizsla

Clinical features of idiopathic inflammatory polymyopathy in the Hungarian Vizsla

Association of an MHC Class II Haplotype with Increased Risk of Polymyositis in Hungarian Vizsla Dogs

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