Polyolefin oxidation: Quantification of alcohol and hydroperoxide products by nitric oxide reactions

Carlsson, D. J.; Brousseau, R.; Zhang, Can; Wiles, D. M.

doi:10.1016/0141-3910(87)90090-5

Cited by 123 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…2, 4 and 5, a co-oxidation mechanism, similar to that proposed for ethylene propylene copolymers EPR [9] can be expected to occur. This would be comparable to the mechanism also proposed in the case of PP in which the participation of both secondary and tertiary carbons was demonstrated as a result of the analysis of the hydroperoxides and alcohols [19,20].…”

Section: Proposal Of a Mechanistic Schemesupporting

confidence: 55%

Co-oxidation kinetic model for the thermal oxidation of polyethylene-unsaturated substrate systems

Richaud¹,

Fayolle²,

Verdú³

et al. 2013

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. a b s t r a c tThe thermal oxidation of polyethylene (PE) impregnated by the methyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids (UFEs) was studied using chemiluminescence, and infra-red spectrophotometry. It was shown that the presence of UFEs accelerates the PE aging process. This can be interpreted as a co-oxidation phenomenon. In this study, the previously established models for PE and UFEs self-oxidation have been coupled in order to develop a co-oxidation model. Using the existing rate constants for the PE and UFEs selfoxidations, this model can simulate the complex shape of the kinetic curves of PE-UFE co-oxidation.

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Section: Proposal Of a Mechanistic Schemesupporting

confidence: 55%

Co-oxidation kinetic model for the thermal oxidation of polyethylene-unsaturated substrate systems

Richaud¹,

Fayolle²,

Verdú³

et al. 2013

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…12'13 The NO reaction products are particularly informative because of their intense absorptions (up to 4-7 times stronger than those of the original --OH species) and because primary, secondary and tertiary products have differing ir absorptions. 12 Concentrations of oxidation products after ~,,-irradiation were observed both directly, and after reaction with NO and SF 4 for a wide range ofT-ray doses. For all of the polyolefins studied, product yields increased linearly with dose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of solid polyethylene films: Effects of backbone branching

Carlsson

Bazan

Chmela

et al. 1987

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…Oxidation is determined by spectroscopic techniques measuring carbonyl moieties on UHMWPE formed as a result of the decay of hydroperoxides [13]. Typically accelerated aging methods are used in vitro to compare the oxidative stability of various polyethylene formulations [34].…”

Section: Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E diffused, highly crosslinked UHMWPE: a review

Oral

Muratoglu

2010

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

219

133

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Highly crosslinked UHMWPE has become the bearing surface of choice in total hip arthroplasty. First generation crosslinked UHMWPEs, clinically introduced in the 1990s, show significant improvements compared to gamma sterilised, conventional UHMWPE in decreasing wear and osteolysis. These crosslinked UHMWPEs were thermally treated (annealed or melted) after irradiation to improve their oxidation resistance. While annealing resulted in the retention of some oxidation potential, postirradiation melted UHMWPEs had reduced fatigue strength due to the crystallinity loss during melting. Thus, the stabilisation of radiation crosslinked UHMWPEs by the diffusion of the antioxidant vitamin E was developed to obtain oxidation resistance with improved fatigue strength by avoiding post-irradiation melting. A two-step process was developed to incorporate vitamin E into irradiated UHMWPE by diffusion to obtain a uniform concentration profile. Against accelerated and real-time aging in vitro, this material showed superior oxidation resistance to UHMWPEs with residual free radicals. The fatigue strength was improved compared to irradiated and melted UHMWPEs crosslinked using the same irradiation dose. Several adverse testing schemes simulating impingement showed satisfactory behaviour. Peri-prosthetic tissue reaction to vitamin E was evaluated in rabbits and any effects of vitamin E on device fixation were evaluated in a canine model, both of which showed no detrimental effects of the inclusion of vitamin E in crosslinked UHMWPE. Irradiated, vitamin E-diffused, and gamma sterilised UHMWPEs have been in clinical use in hips since 2007 and in knees since 2008. The clinical outcome of this material will be apparent from the results of prospective, randomised clinical studies. IntroductionOsteolysis triggered mainly by ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particles has been one of the major problems in total hip arthroplasty along with instability/dislocation and infection [7]. Highly crosslinked UHMWPEs were developed using high-dose irradiation (50-100 kGy) to decrease the wear rate of UHMWPE [44,46] and have become the standard-of-care after their first decade of service, especially in North America [61].Irradiation causes crosslinking in the amorphous phase of the UHMWPE [33], but also initiates the formation of free radicals in the crystalline phase [23], unable to recombine due to structural limitations, they become trapped for long periods of time [29]. These residual free radicals are believed to migrate to the crystalline/amorphous interface and cause oxidative degradation in the material [16][17][18]59, 69] through a cascade of reactions with oxygen [32,71].In first generation crosslinked UHMWPEs [34], postirradiation thermal treatment was used to increase the oxidation resistance (Fig. 1). One approach was to annealThe studies discussed here were performed by research funding in part from NIH/NIAMS

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Polyolefin oxidation: Quantification of alcohol and hydroperoxide products by nitric oxide reactions

Cited by 123 publications

References 26 publications

Co-oxidation kinetic model for the thermal oxidation of polyethylene-unsaturated substrate systems

Co-oxidation kinetic model for the thermal oxidation of polyethylene-unsaturated substrate systems

Oxidation of solid polyethylene films: Effects of backbone branching

Vitamin E diffused, highly crosslinked UHMWPE: a review

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