Polyorchidism: the case in a young male and review of the literature

Avargues, Ana; Rogel, Ramón; Broseta, Enrique; Marco, S. Luján; Betancourt, Jesús; Morales, Gonzalo; Boronat, F

doi:10.4103/1008-682x.143246

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The clinical signs and symptoms consist of scrotal pain, which may be intermittent. Many patients never experience clinical symptoms, and the diagnosis might be incidental (5). In our case, patient had a subacute scrotal pain, but it was in the right hemiscrotum and inguinal region and not associated with supernumerary testicle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Leung classified polyorchidism into four groups based on testis embryology: 1) polyorchidism with no vas deferens or epididymis in the supernumerary testis, 2) testes sharing these two structures with the ipsilateral testicle, 3) testes with their own epididymis and sharing the vas deferens, and 4) supernumerary testes with their own annexes (5,6). The patient was considered to be in the group 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polyorchidism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Özman¹,

Yener²,

Selçuk³

et al. 2018

jus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poliorşidizm, ikiden fazla testisin varlığı olarak tanımlanır. Çok nadir görülen bir anomalidir. Bu yazıda ağrısız skrotal kitle ile ortaya çıkan poliorşidizmli bir olgu sunuldu. Drene olmayan fazladan testisler histolojik değerlendirme gerektirir. Nonskrotal yerleşimli poliorşidik hastalarda artmış malignite riski göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Skrotal poliorşidizmi ve iki çocuk sahibi olan hastamıza herhangi bir tedavi önermedik ve skrotal ultrasonografi ile takip etmeye karar verdik. Anahtar Kelimeler: Poliorşidizm, Fazladan testis, Ağrısız skrotal kitle Polyorchidism is defined by the presence of more than two testicles. It is a very rare anomaly. In this paper, we report a case of polyorchidism that presented as a painless scrotal mass. Undrained types require histological evaluation. Increased risk of malignancy should be taken into consideration in patients with nonscrotal supernumerary testes. We did not recommend any treatment to our patients who had scrotal supernumerary testicle and two children and decided to follow-up with scrotal ultrasound.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyorchidism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Özman¹,

Yener²,

Selçuk³

et al. 2018

jus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most cases in the literature were diagnosed during exploration for other pathologies such as inguinal hernia (24%), undescended testis (22%), and testicular torsion (15%) [7]. Left triorchidism was the most frequent presentation (65%), and the majority of supernumerary testes were found in the scrotal region (66%), followed by inguinal (23%) and abdominal (9%) locations [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several locations have been described at any point along the way of embryological testicular descent to its final scrotal location [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyorchidism Presenting with Testicular Pain and Scrotal Mass

Zafer¹

2015

J Clinic Res Bioeth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Polyorchidism is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital system and is defined as the presence of more than two testes. The majority of patients are asymptomatic or present with painless inguinal or scrotal masses. We, hereby, report a 25-year-old triorchidism case who presented with testicular pain and a scrotal mass. Case report: A 25-year-old male patient was admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of testicular pain and a scrotal mass. His medical history was unremarkable and there was no history of trauma. On physical examination, there were two palpable, ovoid, mobile, non-tender masses in the left hemiscrotum. Scrotal Color Doppler Ultrasonography revealed a 1.5 × 2.0 × 1.2 cm, well-circumscribed accessory tissue in the left hemiscrotum which had same echogenicity as the normal testes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) also confirmed the tissue as the third testis. The patient was managed conservatively and put into a follow-up program.

show abstract

“…Associated inguinal hernia or undescended testis are not uncommon findings (Artul and Habib, 2014). Because undescended testes are not uncommon in polyorchids, there is also an increased risk or association between polyorchidsm and testicular cancer (Talarico et al, 2018;Avargues et al, 2015). However, symptoms of polyorchidism may be similar to a paratesticular lesion that may derive from a number of structures that surround the testicle within the scrotum; most commonly, they derive from the spermatic cord (Hassan et al, 2014;Hassan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual case of quadruple polyorchidism in a human cadaver mimicking bilateral lipoma

Talarico¹,

Castaneda²,

Wahab³

et al. 2022

EJA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyorchidism is a rare congenital disorder defined as the presence of more than two testicles for which the underlying etiology is unknown. This report examines a novel case, correlates findings to the literature, and discusses potential mechanisms of dysgenesis. This study was conducted on a 96-year-old male cadaver. Meticulous skilled dissection was done with careful attention to the pelvis, the inguinal region, the scrotum and testes. Measurements of the scrotal testes (STs), supernumerary testes (SNTs), scrotal epididymides (SEs), supernumerary epididymides (SNEs), ductus deferens (DD) and supernumerary ductus deferens (SDD) were taken, and testicular volume was calculated. Sagittal sectioning of STs, SNTs, SEs and SNEs was performed and, using standard histologic protocol, tissues were processed, stained with H&E, and examined. Histological findings supported the anatomical suspicion of high, bilateral inguinal polyorchdism, or tetraorchdism, in this patient. STs and SNTs have normal, gross morphological features. The left SNT was supplied by the testicular artery, and the right SNT by the inferior epigastric artery. Both SNTs and SNEs were infiltrated with adipose tissue, whereas the scrotal homologues were histologically normal. Testicular volumes were 26.5 cm3 and 23.7 cm3, and 12.3 cm3 and 0.55 cm3, for the left and right STs and SNTs, respectively. The left and right SEs measured 7.2 cm and 7.0 cm; the left and right SNEs measured 4.7 cm and 1.7 cm, respectively. The left DD measured 40.2 cm from the scrotum. The SDD from the left SNT measured 5.9 cm and joined the main ductus 16 cm proximal to its origin. The right main DD measured 39.2 cm, and the SDD from the right SNT was 3.2 cm and joined the main DD 17.4 cm proximal to its origin. The current work suggests a novel classification for polyorchidism of Type 3, Subgroup B, or SNT attached to the draining epididymis and vas deferens without reproductive potential and SNT located outside the scrotal sac. Clinicians must correlate anatomical and histological findings in suspected polyorchids to avoid misdiagnosis of SNTs as benign lipomas.

show abstract

Polyorchidism: the case in a young male and review of the literature

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Polyorchidism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Polyorchidism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Polyorchidism Presenting with Testicular Pain and Scrotal Mass

An unusual case of quadruple polyorchidism in a human cadaver mimicking bilateral lipoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About