Polyoxometalate-Based Poly(ionic liquid) as a Precursor for Superhydrophobic Magnetic Carbon Composite Catalysts toward Aerobic Oxidative Desulfurization

Abstract

The dispersity of heterogeneous catalysts in solid–liquid biphase reactions is of great importance to their catalytic performance. Herein, superhydrophobic magnetic carbon composite catalysts were synthesized by calcination of magnetic polyoxometalate-based poly­(ionic liquid). The magnetic poly­(ionic liquid) not only served as the carbon and Mo sources and reductant but also made MoO x uniformly disperse on the surface of amorphous carbon. The superhydrophobic catalyst MoO x /MC-600 with a calcining temperature of 600 °C had a superior catalytic activity, and the sulfur removal reached as high as 97.1%. In contrast, the sulfur removal was only 66.6% with the hydrophilic MoO x /MS-600 calcined without the polymer cation. When the reaction was finished, MoO x /MC-600 could be easily separated by a magnet and recycled at least seven times. Additionally, the existence of low-valence Mo and oxygen vacancies would promote the oxidative reaction.

Ultra‐Deep Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Oil Catalyzed by In Situ Carbon‐Supported Vanadium Oxides Using Cumene Hydroperoxide as Oxidant

“…Carbon is a type of excellent supporter for catalysts and its precursor can combine with metal to form a carbon‐supported catalyst with homogeneous dispersion of the active site. Jiang et al reported that carbon‐supported MoOx catalyst prepared with polyoxometalate‐based PIL as precursor showed outstanding catalytic property for ODS . However, few research reports desulfurization of fuel oil with vanadium‐based catalysts loading on carbon because of shedding catalyst.…”

Synthesis of (Gly) 3 PMo 12 O 40 @ MnFe 2 O 4 organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposite as an efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels

“…To get insight into the effect of the (Gly) 3 PMo 12 O 40 @MnFe 2 O 4 hybrid dosage on the Cat‐ODS process, the catalytic oxidation tests were developed in the catalyst dosage range of 0‐0.12 g (Figure 7). As expected, the Cat‐ODS efficiency of all types of organosulfur compounds in MFOs was sharply increased after increasing the catalyst dosage from 0.03 to 0.10 g. It is caused by the high production of oxoperoxo‐metal complexes in the reaction medium 48‐51,53 . These highly reactive complexes are the key intermediates in the conversion of Th, BT, and DBT molecules to their corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones.…”

“…Interestingly, among the different Keggin‐type POMs, it can be noted that the phosphorus‐centered structures have a tremendous potential to be more active than their silicon analogs due to the formation of more stable oxoperoxo‐metal complexes in Cat‐ODS reactions 53 . By comparing the results of the current survey with earlier literature, it can be also concluded that the synthesized (Gly) 3 PMo 12 O 40 @MnFe 2 O 4 hybrid nanocomposite shows the extraordinary performance in the oxidation of Th, BT, and DBT under the mild reaction conditions (at the temperature of 35°C and reaction time of 60 minutes) 6,20,39,48‐51 …”

Recent Advances in Catalytic Oxidation of Organic Sulfides: Applications of Metal–Ionic Liquid Catalytic Systems

“…Jiang et al prepared two kinds of magnetic catalysts (IL/MMS-S and IL/MMS-L) by the immobilization of ionic liquid [(C 18 H 37 ) 2 (CH 3 ) 2 N] 3 PW 12 O 40 on the small core-shell magnetic mesoporous silica (MMS-S) or large core-shell magnetic mesoporous silica (MMS-L) microspheres and tested their catalytic performance for the oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel with H 2 O 2 ( Jiang et al, 2019b ). Compared with the catalyst IL/MMS-L, the small size catalyst IL/MMS-S showed superior catalytic activity in the oxidative desulfurization, and the 4,6-DMDBT removal with the sulfur content decreasing to 9.2 ppm ( Supplementary Figure S21 ).…”