“…Polyoxometalates (POMs) are anionic metal-oxide clusters with diverse nuclearities, modifiable oxygen-rich surfaces, and accessible organic grafting. , They have strong thermal stability, high negative charges, and remarkable redox abilities. These POM derivatives have been widely applied in areas ranging from electrochemistry to photochromism, medicine, and magnetism, − particularly exhibiting excellent catalytic performance due to their satisfying Lewis acidity and charge accumulation capability. , The incorporation of POMs into well-defined architectures produced another level of complexity with interesting behavior, not only the unique structure and functional features of POMs could be passed to the target materials, but also synergetic effects between POMs and a well-defined framework derive specific function-driven architectures. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous frameworks with designable topology and functionalities, and they are widely applied in the fields of gas adsorption and separation, catalysis, and sensors. − In contrast to conventional porous materials, the modulation of metal nodes of MOFs has great influence on both structural aesthetics and functional extension. − Lanthanide (Ln) ions possess high coordination number, abundant coordination configuration, and robust Lewis acidity, enabling Ln-MOFs with special capability in numerous catalytic systems …”