Polypeptide Specificity of the Early Antibody Response Following Primary and Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infections

Eberle, R.; Mou, Siao-Wen; Zaia, John A.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-65-10-1839

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…40K and 43K, while the group of antigens from 40K to 49K included two or three other proteins which also appeared to be major targets of the convalescent antibody response. Previous reports based on immune precipitation of human (Ashley & Corey, 1984;Zweerink & Corey, 1982) or guinea-pig sera (Ashley & Kern, 1984) have not described these as major antigens, while other studies employing immunoblotting techniques (Eberle et al, 1984) have noted findings similar to ours (Bernstein et al, 1984a). This suggests that these polypeptides are either poorly labelled or solubilized and are thus not readily detected by immune precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Investigators employing immune precipitation of radiolabelled HSV polypeptides and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis have observed a major response to the glycoproteins of HSV (Zweerink & Corey, 1982;Gilman et al, 1981 ;Ashley & Corey, 1984), an expected finding since these surface glycoproteins appear to represent the immunologically most important viral antigens. More recently, we (Bernstein et al, 1984a) and others (Eberle et al, 1984) have reported on the immune response to lower molecular weight non-glycosylated proteins [ranging from mol. wt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibody Response, Recurrence Patterns and Subsequent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Re-infection Following Initial HSV-2 Infection of Guinea-pigs: Effects of Acyclovir

Bernstein

Stanberry

Harrison

et al. 1986

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThe production of antibody to specific herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) polypeptides, the recurrence patterns and the susceptibility to re-infection were studied in the guinea-pig model of genital HSV-2 infection. Further, we defined the effects of acyclovir (ACV) therapy on these parameters of infection. Treatment with ACV reduced the clinical severity of the initial disease but did not affect vaginal viral shedding. Production of neutralizing antibody as well as antibody to the nucleocapsid protein, and glycoproteins B, D and G were all delayed in ACV recipients. ACV treatment of initial infection did not significantly alter the pattern of subsequent recurrence although by several criteria treated animals tended towards decreased recurrences. Re-inoculation with a second strain of HSV-2 resulted in a local cervicovaginal infection but, except for one ACV-treated animal, neural tissue was protected from re-infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Response, Recurrence Patterns and Subsequent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Re-infection Following Initial HSV-2 Infection of Guinea-pigs: Effects of Acyclovir

Bernstein

Stanberry

Harrison

et al. 1986

Journal of General Virology

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“…Most immune sera from HSV-infected individuals react with 12 to 20 viral polypeptides in immunoblots. The envelope glycoproteins gB, gD, gC, gE, and gG, the major capsid protein VP5, and the nucleocapsid complex p40 have been identified as primary targets of IgG antibody responses in patients with HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 infections (2,5,13,14,38). The B virus's homology to HSV-1 (79.9% amino acid identity for gB, 57% identity for gD, 49.9% identity for gC, 46% identity for gE, and 29.2% identity for gG [42]) suggests that the specificity of B virus-induced antibody responses is similar to that of responses induced by HSV types 1 and 2.…”

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confidence: 99%

Production of Herpes B Virus Recombinant Glycoproteins and Evaluation of Their Diagnostic Potential

et al. 2005

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B virus (cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) is the only deadly alphaherpesvirus that is zoonotically transmissible from macaques to humans. The detection of humoral immune responses is the method of choice for the rapid identification of B virus-infected animals. We evaluated the diagnostic potential of recombinant B virus glycoproteins for the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in monkey and human sera. Glycoproteins B, C, and E and secreted (sgG) and membrane-associated (mgG) segments of glycoprotein G (gG) were expressed in the baculovirus expression system, while gD was expressed in CHO cells. We developed recombinant protein-based IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and compared their diagnostic efficacies by using B virus antibody-negative (n ‫؍‬ 40) and -positive (n ‫؍‬ 75) macaque sera identified by a whole antigenbased ELISA and Western blotting. The diagnostic sensitivities of the gB-, gC-, gD-, and mgG-ELISAs were 100, 97.3, 88.0, and 80.0%, respectively. The specificities of the gB-, gC-, and gD-ELISAs and of the mgG-ELISA were 100 and 97.5%, respectively. In contrast, the sensitivities and specificities of sgG-and gE-ELISAs were low, suggesting that sgG and gE are less effective diagnostic antigens. Sera from nonmacaque monkeys crossreacted with gB, gC, and gD, and only baboon sera reacted weakly with mgG. Human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-and HSV-2-positive sera pools reacted with gB and gD, whereas sera from B virus-infected individuals reacted with all four antigens. These data indicate that gB, gC, gD, and mgG have a high diagnostic potential for B virus serodiagnosis in macaques, whereas mgG may be a valuable antigen for discrimination between antibodies induced by B virus and those induced by other, closely related alphaherpesviruses, including HSV-1 and -2.Human infection with B virus (also called cercopithecine herpesvirus 1, monkey B virus, and herpes B virus) is the most feared occupational hazard among individuals working with macaque monkeys, since fatality is often the outcome of infection, which proceeds in the absence of effective antiviral therapy (25,56). The use of macaques in research has been steadily growing over the last decade and is expected to rise quickly in the near future due to the increasing demands for these animals for use in HIV/AIDS investigations, vaccine trials, drug testing, and research into bioterrorism agents. As macaque usage increases, frequencies of human exposures to B virus are increasing as well. Rapid and accurate diagnostic tests are urgently needed to aid in the early identification of clinical cases, which is essential for a timely initiation of antiviral therapies in zoonotically infected humans. In addition to human diagnostics, enhanced assays are required for monitoring specific-pathogen-free (SPF) macaque colonies established by the National Institutes of Health for the breeding of B virusfree animals (55), as these animals often demonstrate only very low levels of antibody.Unfortunately, a direct diagnosis of infectio...

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“…These proteins are probably related to the p40 protein purified from HSV nucleocapsids by Heilman et al (198 1) because monoclonal antisera to p40 (Zweig et al, 1980) bind to a series of proteins ranging in mol. wt (lo3) from 34 to 49 (Eberle et al, 1984(Eberle et al, , 1985. It is also possible that antibody to viral thymidine kinase (mol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The polyspecific immunoglobulin response to HSV-1 viral proteins: determination of immunogenic proteins and relative antibody titres to individual polypeptides by immunoblotting

McKendall

Pettit

Woo

1988

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary.We developed an immunoblotting procedure to characterise the polyspecific immunoglobulin response to the proteins of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 . We found that 8-20% gradient polyacrylamide gels provided no advantage over fixed 8.5% gels for preparing Western blots for use in immunoblotting. The amount of protein loaded on the gels markedly influenced which proteins were detected by immune serum. The presence of Triton-X-100 0.5% in washes and buffers improved band clarity on immunoblots. In optimal conditions, immune mouse serum reacted with up to 33 HSV-1 lysate proteins. Six bands or regions appeared to be of major immunogenic reactivity, including the (122-130) x 103-mol. wt region, a 75 x 103-mol. wt protein, the gD region of approximately (56-64) x 103-mol. wt and two non-glycosylated bands at mol. wts( lo3) 42 and 44. Minor proteins, more weakly reactive, were detected at 27 other areas. The relative antibody titres in immune mouse serum to the different major regions showed antibody titre to gD > gB/gC > (42/44) x lo3 >> P75 >> VP154.Most human sera reacted with all of the major and many of the minor immunogenic proteins but individual sera varied markedly in the proteins recognised. We conclude that immunoblotting is valuable for evaluating immunoglobulin responses to major and minor immunogenic proteins of HSV-1.

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Polypeptide Specificity of the Early Antibody Response Following Primary and Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infections

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Antibody Response, Recurrence Patterns and Subsequent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Re-infection Following Initial HSV-2 Infection of Guinea-pigs: Effects of Acyclovir

Antibody Response, Recurrence Patterns and Subsequent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Re-infection Following Initial HSV-2 Infection of Guinea-pigs: Effects of Acyclovir

Production of Herpes B Virus Recombinant Glycoproteins and Evaluation of Their Diagnostic Potential

The polyspecific immunoglobulin response to HSV-1 viral proteins: determination of immunogenic proteins and relative antibody titres to individual polypeptides by immunoblotting

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