“…The westward extrusion of the Anatolian wedge, initiated in the early Pliocene (e.g., Dhont et al, 1998;Kocyigit and Beyhan, 1998;Platzman et al, 1998;Armijo et al, 1999;Barka et al, 2000), is accompanied by anticlockwise rotation (McKenzie, 1970;Westaway, 1994;Seber et al, 1997;Reilinger et al, 2006), and is interpreted as a lateral escape of the continental lithosphere away from zones of compression (tectonic escape) to minimize topographic relief and to avoid subduction of buoyant continental material. Whether the westward motion is driven by push forces caused by topography in eastern Turkey or by pull forces caused by subduction south of the Aegean since the late Oligocene (Jolivet et al, 1994;Jolivet and Patriat, 1999) is still a matter of controversy (Bozkurt, 2001).…”