Polyphasic identification and MAT1-2 isolates of Phyllosticta citricarpa in Cuba

Serra, Wendy; Alvarez, María B; Rodríguez, Dariel García; Alonso-Oliva, Eugenio; Llorente, Amalia Sanz; Guarnaccia, Vladimiro; Carstens, Elma; Rollins, Jeffrey A.; Thijs, Sofie; Vangronsveld, Jaco; León, Ana Margarita Manzano

doi:10.1007/s10658-021-02453-y

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Ascospores are considered the primary inoculum source of P. citricarpa in South Africa, where pycnidiospores are deemed to play a minor epidemiological role 1 . However, pycnidiospores are more relevant in CBS epidemics in areas in the USA 8 – 10 , Brazil 11 , Australia 6 and Cuba 12 , which are characterized by large amounts of rainfall. In fact, the number of pycnidiospore infection events simulated by the generic infection model for those locations were among the highest and much greater than the corresponding number of ascosporic infection events (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pycnidiospores are produced in slimy masses and disseminated over relatively short distances by rain splash, although their potential for dispersal can be greater with wind-driven rains 7 . Pycnidiospores were deemed not to be epidemiologically important 1 , but recent studies demonstrate that they play a major role in certain epidemiological settings 6 , 8 – 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Climate suitability of the Mediterranean Basin for citrus black spot disease (Phyllosticta citricarpa) based on a generic infection model

Galvañ

Boughalleb-M’Hamdi

Benfradj

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citrus black spot (CBS), caused by the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa, is associated with serious yield and quality losses. The climate suitability of the Mediterranean Basin for CBS development has been long debated. However, CBS has been described in Tunisia. In this study, a generic model was used to simulate potential infections by ascospores and pycnidiospores together with a degree-day model to predict the onset of ascospore release. High-resolution climatic data were retrieved from the ERA5-Land dataset for the citrus-growing regions in the Mediterranean Basin and other locations where CBS is present. In general, the onset of ascospore release was predicted to occur late in spring, but there is no agreement on the adequacy of this empirical model for extrapolation to the Mediterranean Basin. The generic model indicated that infections by ascospores and pycnidiospores would be concentrated mainly in autumn, as well as in spring for pycnidiospores. In contrast to previous studies, the percentage of hours suitable for infection was higher for pycnidiospores than for ascospores. The values obtained with the generic infection model for Tunisia and several CBS-affected locations worldwide were similar to those for other citrus-growing regions in Europe and Northern Africa. These results support previous work indicating that the climate of the Mediterranean Basin is suitable for CBS development.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate suitability of the Mediterranean Basin for citrus black spot disease (Phyllosticta citricarpa) based on a generic infection model

Galvañ

Boughalleb-M’Hamdi

Benfradj

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our study focused on P. citricarpa conidia, as they are produced in culture and suspensions at high concentrations and so can be readily obtained. Conidia can be airborne as well, with wind‐driven rains (Perryman et al, 2014), and are responsible for major epidemics (Hendricks et al, 2017; Serra et al, 2022; Spósito et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2016). In addition, conidia are known to be relevant during the early stages of disease establishment in new areas (Garran, 1996; Whiteside, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly specific qPCR and amplicon sequencing method for detection of quarantine citrus pathogen Phyllosticta citricarpa applicable for air samples

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa is a quarantine pathogen in the EU and is of high economic importance in many parts of the world where favourable climate conditions drive the development of citrus black spot (CBS) disease. Disease symptoms include necrotic lesions on leaves and fruits. Low disease pressure can reduce crop marketability, while higher disease pressure can cause premature fruit drop, significantly increasing crop losses. The wind‐dispersed spores of P. citricarpa are especially problematic for rapid pathogen dispersal, but also provide an opportunity for early detection of the disease spreading into a new area. In this study we have developed and validated a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay based on the TEF1‐α sequence. Specificity testing demonstrated that it is currently the only qPCR assay that does not cross‐react with closely related Phyllosticta species. The assay is sensitive and can detect a single copy of the TEF1 gene in a reaction, it is highly repeatable and reproducible and can be used for testing of the sticky tapes from spore traps as well as citrus fruit samples. High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of the DNA barcodes ITS1 and TEF1 was also explored for the detection and discrimination of P. citricarpa. The limit of detection of the HTS was 1000 spores on a daily spore trap tape. This study makes an important improvement to the diagnostics of the CBS and the methods developed can also be applied to improve the surveillance and early detection of the pathogen when linked to spore samplers in the field.

show abstract

“…CBS has been first seen in Australia nearly 120 years ago (Kotzé, 1981), and it is now distributed in Africa, Asia, Australia, the Americas (Serra et al, 2022) (Table 1). The CBS disease was responsible for ~40% of production losses in South Africa, Brazil, Australia, and the USA (Savi et al, 2019;Tranet al, 2019;Franco et al, 2020).…”

Section: Citrus Black Spot (Cbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CBS is a citrus disease caused by the heterothallic fungal pathogen P. citricarpa (teleomorph Guignardia citricarpa). This pathogen is classified as a quarantine fungus in the United States, the European Union (Schirmacher et al, 2019), and citrus-producing areas that do not present the disease (Serra et al, 2022). The existence of two different, but morphologically identical, strains of P. citricarpa led to confusion in initial studies of this pathogen.…”

Section: Citrus Black Spot (Cbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the most threating diseases that affect worldwide citriculture: Main features, diagnose, and current control strategies

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citriculture has been one of the most important agricultural activities worldwide. Brazil is among the five major citrus producers in the world, together with China, the European Union (EU), the United States, and Mexico. Together, these five groups are responsible for about 50% of the global citrus fruit production and this industrial segment is responsible for generating direct and indirect jobs. However, several citric diseases such as citrus canker, huanglongbing, citrus variegated chlorosis, and citrus black spot have been associated with annual losses of tons of fruits and orange trees impacting the global economy for decades. Citrus canker is caused by the Gram-negative bacteria Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. and is associated with symptoms such as the formation of chlorotic rings in the leaves, stems, and fruits. Huanglongbing (HLB) is mainly associated with the Gram-negative bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp. and its main symptoms are the appearance of yellowish branches and deformed small leaves with yellowish spots. Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) is associated with the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa and causes chlorotic spots with irregular edges on leaves and deformation of new leaves. Citrus black spot (CBS) is caused by the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa and generates lesions on fruits and reddish-brown leaf lesions. Since citrus is important for global agriculture, the current review addresses the main features of these important diseases including their symptoms and transmission, as well as the diagnosis and control strategies that have been studied so far for application in the field.

show abstract

Polyphasic identification and MAT1-2 isolates of Phyllosticta citricarpa in Cuba

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Climate suitability of the Mediterranean Basin for citrus black spot disease (Phyllosticta citricarpa) based on a generic infection model

Climate suitability of the Mediterranean Basin for citrus black spot disease (Phyllosticta citricarpa) based on a generic infection model

Highly specific qPCR and amplicon sequencing method for detection of quarantine citrus pathogen Phyllosticta citricarpa applicable for air samples

An overview of the most threating diseases that affect worldwide citriculture: Main features, diagnose, and current control strategies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About