Polyphenol-Assisted Exfoliation of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides into Nanosheets as Photothermal Nanocarriers for Enhanced Antibiofilm Activity

Abstract

Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets have evoked enormous research enthusiasm and have shown increased potentials in the biomedical field. However, a great challenge lies in high-throughput, large-scale, and eco-friendly preparation of TMD nanosheet dispersions with high quality. Herein, we report a universal polyphenol-assisted strategy to facilely exfoliate various TMDs into monolayer or few-layer nanosheets. By optimizing the exfoliation condition of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), the yield and concentration of as-exfoliated nanosheets are up to 60.5% and 1.21 mg/mL, respectively. This is the most efficient aqueous exfoliation method at present and is versatile for the choices of polyphenols and TMD nanomaterials. The as-exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets possess superior biomedical stability as nanocarriers to load antibiotic drugs. They show a high photothermal conversion effect and thus induce a synergetic effect of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy to harvest enhanced antibiofilm activity under near-infrared (NIR) light. All these results offer an appealing strategy toward the synthesis and application of ultrathin TMD nanosheets, with great implications for their development.

Combating Actions of Green 2D-Materials on Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria and Enveloped Viruses

“…Apart from the extensive use of metal nanoparticles in antimicrobial studies, Gr and 2D TMDs have been widely studied so far to develop new technologies and novel antibacterial and antiviral nanocomposites to deal with the serious issues related to bacterial and viral infections. The considerable potential of MoS 2 NSs in various biomedical applications also grasps its key role in synergistic antibacterial and antiviral action on various pathogens ( Wu et al, 2016 ; Qu et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 , 2018 , 2019 ; Kaur et al, 2018 ; Yuwen et al, 2018 ; Cao et al, 2019 ; Roy et al, 2019 ; Tang et al, 2020 ). The mechanism explained in the reported literature reveals a significant induction of physical damage and oxidative stress to the bacterial membrane which results in continuous disruption of bacterial cells and finally in cell death.…”

Near-Infrared Radiation-Based Mild Photohyperthermia Therapy of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer with PEGylated Reduced Nanographene Oxide

“…However, BP is highly sensitive to water and oxygen [ 19 ] and frequently requires the combination with gold nanoparticles to achieve NIR photothermal transduction efficiency [ 20 , 21 ]. In turn, TMDs are gaining interest, but low-yield and low-quality exfoliation methods still pose enormous challenges to their application in biomedicine [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Bacteria responsive polyoxometalates nanocluster strategy to regulate biofilm microenvironments for enhanced synergetic antibiofilm activity and wound healing

“…However, the concentration of H 2 O 2 that is traditionally used is in the range of 166 mM to 1 M (volume ratio: 0.5-3 %) 38 - 40 , and this prevents wound healing and damages adjacent normal organs during bacterial sterilization. Currently, various novel types of peroxidase-like nanomaterials that have high peroxidase-mimic activity, such as carbon-based nanomaterials 41 - 44 , noble metals 45 - 51 , iron-based nanomaterials 52 - 55 , transitional metal dichalcogenides 56 , 57 , and polyoxometalates 58 , have been known to have obvious antibacterial effects. They can disrupt the integrity of bacterial cell membranes and cell wall permeability.…”