Polyphenol Bioavailability and Plasma Antiradical Capacity in Healthy Subjects after Acute Intake of Pigmented Rice: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Abstract

Health-promoting effects of plant foods have been emphasized in the last few decades and ascribed to the bioactive phytochemicals present therein—in particular, phenylpropanoids. The latter have been investigated for a number of preclinical biological activities, including their antioxidant power. Due to the paucity of human studies, in this randomized intervention trial, we investigated whether the acute intake of pigmented rice could increase the plasma bioactive levels and antiradical power in twenty healthy subjects. A crossover randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 19 volunteers. Artemide and Venere black rice cultivars were tested, while brown rice Carnaroli was used as a control. Each patient received randomly one serving (100 g) of rice on three different experimental days, separated by a 7-day washout period. After baseline blood withdrawal, time-course changes of plasma polyphenols, flavonoids and radical-scavenging capacity were determined at 30, 60, 120 and 180 min post rice intake. Compared to Carnaroli rice, the two black rice cultivars significantly increased the plasma levels of polyphenols and flavonoids at 60 and 120 min and, correspondingly, the plasma antiradical power at 60 min after consumption. Pigmented rice consumption can contribute to diet-related health benefits in humans.

Low Acrylamide Flatbreads Prepared from Colored Rice Flours and Relationship to Asparagine and Proximate Content of Flours and Flatbreads

“…Chu et al [ 37 ] developed an extraction procedure for wild rice to facilitate the determination of proanthocyanin content. A randomized trial on 19 human volunteers by Vitalini et al [ 38 ] showed that consumption of two black rice bran cultivars significantly increases plasma levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, and antioxidative capacity. A prospective cohort study showed that multi-grain rice diets decreased the risk of breast cancer in Korean women ( n = 93,306) by 33% as compared to a 35% higher risk for those consuming white rice diets [ 39 ].…”

Advances of metabolomic in exploring phenolic compounds diversity in cereal and their health implications

“…Vitalini et al . (2020) stated an increase in serum polyphenols and flavonoids content in human administrated with diet rich in flavonoid‐packed pigment black rice. The indigenous rice like Njavara, medicinal rice from Kerala known for their therapeutic potential (anti‐inflammatory effect) due to presence of unique flavonolignans (4′‐O‐(erythro‐β guaiacylglyceryl) ether and tricin 4‐O‐(threo‐β‐guaiacylglyceryl) ether) (Mohanlal et al ., 2011).…”

Food Processing Technologies to Develop Functional Foods With Enriched Bioactive Phenolic Compounds in Cereals

“…Through their regulation of cell signaling pathways, flavonoids may help prevent cancer by increasing phase II detoxifying enzyme activity, decreasing proliferation, and triggering apoptosis. When human participants were fed pigmented black rice high in flavonoids, serum polyphenols and flavonoids levels were shown to be enhanced compared to baseline values ( Vitalini et al, 2020 ). Bioactive compounds found in cereals possess antioxidative properties, which in turn counter various diseases such as heart disorders, cancer, aging, and inflammatory diseases ( Espitia-Hernández et al, 2020 ).…”