Polyphenol inhibition of calcite precipitation in Lake Powell 1

Reynolds, Robert C.

doi:10.4319/lo.1978.23.4.0585

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The observed inhibiting influence of polyelectrolytes was attributed to their adsorption on gypsum crystal faces and crystal nuclei. The model proposed above for the inhibition of gypsum precipitation in soil solutions is comparable with that proposed for the inhibition of calcite precipitation in soil solutions and surface waters (Amrhein and Suarez, 1987;Chave and Suess, 1970;Inskeep and Bloom, 1986 a, b;Reynolds, 1978).…”

Section: Supersaturation Soil Solutions With Gypsum 69supporting

confidence: 49%

Supersaturation of soil solutions with respect to gypsum

Ende¹

1991

Plant Soil

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The products of activities of calcium and sulphate were calculated for solutions of 75 glasshouse soils. The majority of these products was found to be higher than the solubility product of gypsum, thus indicating that these soil solutions were possibly supersaturated. In another investigation, soil solutions were examined to determine whether such high activity products could be really attributed to supersaturation. By means of ultracentrifuging of solutions of glasshouse soils, it could be established that the solutions were practically free of sulphate-bearing colloidal particles. Some solutions contained calcium-bearing colloidal particles, but the quantities of calcium contained in these particles were too small to substantially influence the calcium activity. Addition of gypsum crystals to soil solutions led to crystallization of so much calcium and sulphate that the products of the activities of calcium and sulphate dropped from values that can be listed as high to values approaching the solubility product of gypsum. The results obtained demonstrate the occurrence of supersaturation of soil solutions with respect to gypsum. It is further postulated that the presence of humic substances in the soil solution is responsible for this supersaturation. The possible occurrence of supersaturation with respect to gypsum in soils other than glasshouse soils is discussed.

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Section: Supersaturation Soil Solutions With Gypsum 69supporting

confidence: 49%

Supersaturation of soil solutions with respect to gypsum

Ende¹

1991

Plant Soil

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“…LPW was collected from the reservoir surface and filtered (0.45 pm) before use. Artificial Lake Powell water (ALPW) was made to compositions similar to those of Reynolds (1978) from reagent-grade chemicals. Silica spikes were made with monomeric solutions of silica: concentrated sodium silicate solutions gave problems with incomplete depolymerization of the silica in the dilute solutions, leading to erratic analytical and experimental results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buffering of silica and phosphate in a turbid river1

Mayer

Gloss

1980

Limnology & Oceanography

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The buffering of riverine dissolved silica and phosphate by sorption reactions between the aqueous phase and suspended secliment is examined with the turbid Colorado River system as a model. Concentrations are found to lie in a range predicted from laboratory sorption experiments with natural sediments and waters. Phosphate is probably highly buffered by suspended sediment during river flow while silica is not. Silica appreciably affects phosphate sorption reactions but not vice versa. Increased temperature results in higher silica but lower phosphate concentrations as a result of sorption. The buffering action of suspended sediments is largely complete within a few hours and is approximately proportional to the concentration of suspended sediment.

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“…Calcite was found to be absent in the water column above 8 m and present below 8 m (Lawrence & Hendy 1985). Interactions with precipitating calcite could possibly result in the selective removal of higher molecular weight components of the fulvic acid (Aiken & Malcolm 1987) and of aromatic components of the fulvic acid based on the strength of interactions between phenolic compounds and calcite (Reynolds 1978). Neither a decrease in molecular weight, nor an increase in the relative amount of aliphatic I to aromatic carbon was noted for the samples from the lake going from the bottom to the top of the water column.…”

Section: Lake Docmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of aquatic humic substances in the Lake Fryxell Basin, Antarctica

et al. 1996

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Abstract. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Lake Fryxell, 10 streams flowing into the lake, and the moat surrounding the lake was studied to determine the influence of sources and biogeochemical processes on its distribution and chemical nature. Lake Fryxell is an amictic, permanently ice-covered lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys which contains benthic and planktonic microbial populations, but receives essentially no input of organic material from the ahumic soils of the watershed. Biological activity in the water column does not appear to influence the DOC depth profile, which is similar to the profiles for conservative inorganic constituents. DOC values for the streams varied with biomass in the stream channe1,and ranged from 0.2 to 9.7 mg CIL. Fulvic acids in the streams were a lower percentage of the total DOC than in the lake. These samples contain recent carbon and appear to be simpler mixtures of compounds than the lake samples, indicating that they have undergone less humification. The fulvic acids from just above the sediments of the lake have a high sulfur content and are highly aliphatic. The main transformations occurring as these fractions diffuse upward in the water column are 1) loss of sulfur groups through the oxycline and 2) decrease in ali hatic carbon and increase in the heterogeneity of aliphatic moieties. The fraction of modem ' C content of the lake fulvic acids range from a minimum of 0.68 (approximately 3000 years old) at 15m depth to 0.997 (recent material) just under the ice. The major processes controlling the DOC in the lake appear to be: 1) The transport of organic matter by the inflow streams resulting in the addition of recent organic material to the moat and upper waters of the lake; 2) The diffusion of organic matter composed of relict organic material and organic carbon resulting from the degradation of algae and bacteria from the bottom waters or sediments of the lake into overlying glacial melt water, 3) The addition of recent organic matter to the bottom waters of the lake from the moat.

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Polyphenol inhibition of calcite precipitation in Lake Powell 1

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Supersaturation of soil solutions with respect to gypsum

Supersaturation of soil solutions with respect to gypsum

Buffering of silica and phosphate in a turbid river1

Geochemistry of aquatic humic substances in the Lake Fryxell Basin, Antarctica

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