Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells (PGCCs): The Evil Roots of Cancer

Chen, Jun Song; Niu, Na; Zhang, Jing; Qi, Lisha; Sui, Weiwei; Donkena, Krishna Vanaja; Feng, Zhenqing; Liu, Jinsong

doi:10.2174/1568009618666180703154233

Cited by 131 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…As a matter of fact, the main feature of cancer cells is not their speed of proliferation (the embryonal cells can proliferate faster), but their capability to be reprogrammed to the totipotent or pluripotent profile. Just on the contrary, the reprogramming that is induced by irradiation or anti-cancer drugs is associated with uncoupling from cell division and transient drop of proliferation, leading to tetraploidy and multi-nucleation [112,[124][125][126], and just those cells serve (after de-polyploidisation and return to mitoses) for the escape from damage and cancer relapse [127,128]. The whole-genome doubling of the reprogrammed cell, in turn, can allow for the creation and bifurcation of the two different epigenomes for asymmetric cell division of two daughters [121,129].…”

Section: Cancer Cell Treatment Resistance Is Ensured By Deterministicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution of Complex Issues in Genome Regulation and Cancer Requires Non-Linear and Network-Based Thermodynamics

Ērenpreisa

Giuliani

2019

IJMS

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The apparent lack of success in curing cancer that was evidenced in the last four decades of molecular medicine indicates the need for a global re-thinking both its nature and the biological approaches that we are taking in its solution. The reductionist, one gene/one protein method that has served us well until now, and that still dominates in biomedicine, requires complementation with a more systemic/holistic approach, to address the huge problem of cross-talk between more than 20,000 protein-coding genes, about 100,000 protein types, and the multiple layers of biological organization. In this perspective, the relationship between the chromatin network organization and gene expression regulation plays a fundamental role. The elucidation of such a relationship requires a non-linear thermodynamics approach to these biological systems. This change of perspective is a necessary step for developing successful 'tumour-reversion' therapeutic strategies.

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Section: Cancer Cell Treatment Resistance Is Ensured By Deterministicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution of Complex Issues in Genome Regulation and Cancer Requires Non-Linear and Network-Based Thermodynamics

Ērenpreisa

Giuliani

2019

IJMS

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“…There is a small body of literature specifically related to PGCCs (74 PubMed‐listed entries with query: [PGCCs] vs 3,857,567 with query [cancer]; accessed 10 May 2019; Figure ), but this literature, taken holistically, makes a compelling case for defining them as the essential keystone cancer species and actuators of tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistance, and recurrence in metastatic disease. Keystone species are relatively few in number, but have a significant impact on the health and composition of the ecosystem.…”

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confidence: 99%

Polyploid giant cancer cells: Unrecognized actuators of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance

et al. 2019

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Cancer led to the deaths of more than 9 million people worldwide in 2018, and most of these deaths were due to metastatic tumor burden. While in most cases, we still do not know why cancer is lethal, we know that a total tumor burden of 1 kg—equivalent to one trillion cells—is not compatible with life. While localized disease is curable through surgical removal or radiation, once cancer has spread, it is largely incurable. The inability to cure metastatic cancer lies, at least in part, to the fact that cancer is resistant to all known compounds and anticancer drugs. The source of this resistance remains undefined. In fact, the vast majority of metastatic cancers are resistant to all currently available anticancer therapies, including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and systemic radiation. Thus, despite decades—even centuries—of research, metastatic cancer remains lethal and incurable. We present historical and contemporary evidence that the key actuators of this process—of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance—are polyploid giant cancer cells.

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“…The same process plays an important role in the growth patterns observed trophoblasts, insects etc. [28]. Various factors like aging, stress and unproductive cell cycle can be very much helpful in case of raising PGCCs.…”

Section: Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells (Pgccs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of cancer stem cells in the development of giant cell tumor of bone

et al. 2020

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The primary bone tumor is usually observed in adolescence age group which has been shown to be part of nearly 20% of the sarcomas known today. Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) can be benign as well as malignant tumor which exhibits localized dynamism and is usually associated with the end point of a long bone. Giant cell tumor (GCT) involves mononuclear stromal cells which proliferate at a high rate, multinucleated giant cells and stromal cells are equally present in this type of tumor. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been confirmed to play a potential role in the development of GCT. Cancer stem cell-based microRNAs have been shown to contribute to a greater extent in giant cell tumor of bone. CSCs and microRNAs present in the tumors specifically are a great concern today which need indepth knowledge as well as advanced techniques to treat the bone cancer effectively. In this review, we attempted to summarize the role played by cancer stem cells involving certain important molecules/factors such as; Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), miRNAs and signaling mechanism such as; mTOR/PI3K-AKT, towards the formation of giant cell tumor of bone, in order to get an insight regarding various effective strategies and research advancements to obtain adequate knowledge related to CSCs which may help to focus on highly effective treatment procedures for bone tumors.

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Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells (PGCCs): The Evil Roots of Cancer

Cited by 131 publications

References 61 publications

Resolution of Complex Issues in Genome Regulation and Cancer Requires Non-Linear and Network-Based Thermodynamics

Resolution of Complex Issues in Genome Regulation and Cancer Requires Non-Linear and Network-Based Thermodynamics

Polyploid giant cancer cells: Unrecognized actuators of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance

Role of cancer stem cells in the development of giant cell tumor of bone

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