Polyploidization and genomic selection integration for grapevine breeding: a perspective

Abstract

Grapevines are economically important woody perennial crops widely cultivated for their fruits that are used for making wine, grape juice, raisins, and table grapes. However, grapevine production is constantly facing challenges due to climate change and the prevalence of pests and diseases, causing yield reduction, lower fruit quality, and financial losses. To ease the burden, continuous crop improvement to develop superior grape genotypes with desirable traits is imperative. Polyploidization has emerged as a promising tool to generate genotypes with novel genetic combinations that can confer desirable traits such as enhanced organ size, improved fruit quality, and increased resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. While previous studies have shown high polyploid induction rates in Vitis spp., rigorous screening of genotypes among the produced polyploids to identify those exhibiting desired traits remains a major bottleneck. In this perspective, we propose the integration of the genomic selection approach with omics data to predict genotypes with desirable traits among the vast unique individuals generated through polyploidization. This integrated approach can be a powerful tool for accelerating the breeding of grapevines to develop novel and improved grapevine varieties.

Synthetic polyploid induction influences morphological, physiological, and photosynthetic characteristics in Melissa officinalis L.

“…However, there are faster and cost-effective approaches like synthetic polyploidization for developing new genotypes with superior traits. Synthetic polyploidization, where anti-mitotic agents are employed to produce polyploid genotypes of an existing one, is gaining popularity among researchers for its numerous advantages ( Dhooghe et al., 2011 ; Gantait and Mukherjee, 2021 ; Bharati et al., 2023b ).…”

Artificial Polyploidization Enhances Morphological, Physiological, and Biological Characteristics in Melothria scabra Naudin

“…In this scenario, artificial chromosome doubling using antimitotic agents offers an exciting avenue. Artificial chromosome doubling or polyploidization is a fast and cost-effective approach in plant breeding for generating novel genotypes with superior traits in relatively less time [5][6][7][8]. Artificial polyploidy induction has been a great breeding strategy, particularly in horticultural crops [9], where it has successfully yielded genotypes with novel morphological, physiological, and phytochemical characteristics [10][11][12][13].…”