“…What is more, as shown in the Figure 9, the number of conductive paths for electrical charges can increase, leading to a high electrical conductivity when the PPy contacts with Ag particles, including inter- and intra-charge transfer among the PPy particles, inter- and intra-charge transfer among the Ag particles and inter-charge transfer between the PPy and Ag particles. 41 This analysis is consistent with the electrical conductivity results (as shown in Figures 6 and 7). Figure 8.Schematic of conductive network formed by polypyrrole and Ag particles on cotton.Figure 9.Types of charge transfer between polypyrrole (PPy) and Ag: (A) intra-charge transfer between PPy chains; (B) intra-charge transfer between Ag particles; (C) inter-charge transfer between PPy and Ag; (D) inter-charge transfer between PPy chains.…”
Flexible electronic devices have attracted considerable attention in recent years, and textile fabrics are usually used as the substrates because of their good moisture absorption performance and high flexibility. However, ordinary textile fabrics are electrically insulating, which limits their strain sensing sensitivity. In this study, cotton fabric endowed with high electrical conductivity was prepared by a two-step process of in situ polymerization and direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. It was firstly modified with a continuous polypyrrole (PPy) thin film by using the in situ polymerization method and then coated with silver (Ag) thin film by using a DC magnetron sputtering system. The experimental results revealed that the resultant Ag/PPy-coated cotton deposited with a sputtering power of 200 W for 25 min has the highest electrical conductivity and its average sheet resistance is 11.7 Ω/sq. Moreover, the Ag/PPy-coated cotton exhibited the advantages of high hydrophobicity, thermal stability, electromechanical performance and washing fastness. Overall, the effective flexibility and high electrical conductivity of the Ag/PPy-coated cotton have been validated effectively and make it one of the promising candidates for preparing electromagnetic shielding and antistatic and smart wearable textile products, especially flexible electronic devices.
“…What is more, as shown in the Figure 9, the number of conductive paths for electrical charges can increase, leading to a high electrical conductivity when the PPy contacts with Ag particles, including inter- and intra-charge transfer among the PPy particles, inter- and intra-charge transfer among the Ag particles and inter-charge transfer between the PPy and Ag particles. 41 This analysis is consistent with the electrical conductivity results (as shown in Figures 6 and 7). Figure 8.Schematic of conductive network formed by polypyrrole and Ag particles on cotton.Figure 9.Types of charge transfer between polypyrrole (PPy) and Ag: (A) intra-charge transfer between PPy chains; (B) intra-charge transfer between Ag particles; (C) inter-charge transfer between PPy and Ag; (D) inter-charge transfer between PPy chains.…”
Flexible electronic devices have attracted considerable attention in recent years, and textile fabrics are usually used as the substrates because of their good moisture absorption performance and high flexibility. However, ordinary textile fabrics are electrically insulating, which limits their strain sensing sensitivity. In this study, cotton fabric endowed with high electrical conductivity was prepared by a two-step process of in situ polymerization and direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. It was firstly modified with a continuous polypyrrole (PPy) thin film by using the in situ polymerization method and then coated with silver (Ag) thin film by using a DC magnetron sputtering system. The experimental results revealed that the resultant Ag/PPy-coated cotton deposited with a sputtering power of 200 W for 25 min has the highest electrical conductivity and its average sheet resistance is 11.7 Ω/sq. Moreover, the Ag/PPy-coated cotton exhibited the advantages of high hydrophobicity, thermal stability, electromechanical performance and washing fastness. Overall, the effective flexibility and high electrical conductivity of the Ag/PPy-coated cotton have been validated effectively and make it one of the promising candidates for preparing electromagnetic shielding and antistatic and smart wearable textile products, especially flexible electronic devices.
“…In this regard, G‐PPy composites have been obtained so far through chemical polymerization, liquid‐liquid interfacial polymerization, using templates to obtain nanoparticles or nanowires of a specific shape, as an aerogel or through electrochemical polymerization . In most of these previous works, graphene was obtained via the graphite oxide route, which involves treatment of a parent graphite with harsh acids and oxidizing agents to afford graphene oxide nanosheets that are subsequently reduced by chemical or other means. The resulting reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets are structurally different from pristine graphene, as they generally incorporate a significant amount of oxygen functional groups and defects inherited from the chemical oxidation and reduction processes .…”
The electrochemical generation of graphene-polypyrrole composite films is presented here by using pristine, oxide-free graphene flakes obtained through the direct exfoliation of graphite in water with flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as a colloidal stabilizer (FMNÀG-PPy films): an environmentally friendly methodology. The best potential and current ranges for the electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of FMNÀG, trying to avoid parallel over-oxidation/degradation processes, were determined from voltammetric responses of the different solutions. Then, a parallel study of the electrogeneration of FMNÀG-PPy films on clean Pt electrodes by using cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic or galvanostatic conditions, was performed. The subsequent electrochemical characterization of the resulting films and parallel energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis of different oxidized states revealed the separate oxidation/reduction of graphene and polypyrrole inside the material. Graphene reactions (n-doping) drive the exchange of cations, whereas polypyrrole reactions (p-doping) drive the exchange of anions. The specific charge storage in FMNÀG-PPy, 207 mC mg À1 , is higher than that stored in polypyrrole, 141 mC mg À1 , indicating some synergy. An unexpected high content of anions was found in deeply reduced materials. The surface morphology of the oxidized and reduced materials generated by different methodologies was studied by using scanning electron microscopy.
“…[18,25,26] And the bands below 1000 cm À1 werea ssigned to metal-oxygen-metal (M-O, M: Ni, Al) skeletal vibrations . [15] For the pure PPy doped with sulfonicg roup, there were the peaks at around 3438 cm À1 (-N-Hs tretching vibration), [15] 2922 and 2849 cm À1 (asymmetric stretching and symmetric vibrations of -CH 2 ,r espectively), [27,28] 1636 and 1554 cm À1 (fundamental vibration of -C=Co r-C ÀC bond and -CÀCs tretching vibration in pyrrole ring, respectively), [27] 1454, 1384 and 1306 cm À1 (-CÀNs tretchingi np yrrole ring), [14,29,30] and the weak peak at about 1162 cm À1 (-CÀN stretching vibration in the pyrrole ring). [31] At the same time, the peak at around1 034 cm À1 was attributedt ot he symmetric stretching vibration of -SO 3 from AQS as ad opant.…”
A core‐shell NiAlO@polypyrrole composite (NiAlO@PPy) with a 3D “sand rose”‐like morphology was prepared via a facile in situ oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer, where the role of PPy coating thickness was investigated for high‐performance supercapacitors. Microstructure analyses indicated that the PPy was successfully coated onto the NiAlO surface to form a core‐shell structure. The NiAlO@PPy exhibited a better electrochemical performance than pure NiAlO, and the moderate thickness of the PPy shell layer was beneficial for expediting the electron transfer in the redox reaction. It was found that the NiAlO@PPy5 prepared at 5.0 mL L−1 addition amount of pyrrole monomer demonstrated the best electrochemical performance with a high specific capacitance of 883.2 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and excellent capacitance retention of 91.82 % of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles at 3 A g−1. The outstanding electrochemical performance of NiAlO@PPy5 were due to the synergistic effect of NiAlO and PPy, where the uniform network‐like PPy shell with the optimal thickness made electrolyte ions more easily accessible for faradic reactions. This work provided a simple approach for designing organic–inorganic core‐shell materials as high‐performance electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors.
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