Polypyrrole increases branching and neurite extension by Neuro2A cells on PBAT ultrathin fibers

Abstract

We present a methodology for production and application of electrospun hybrid materials containing commercial polyester (poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate; PBAT), and a conductive polymer (polypyrrole; PPy) as scaffold for neuronal growth and differentiation. The physical-chemical properties of the scaffolds and optimization of the electrospinning parameters are presented. The electrospun scaffolds are biocompatible and allow proper adhesion and spread of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Fibers produced with PBAT with or without PPy were used as scaffold for Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells adhesion and differentiation. Neuro2a adhered to PBAT and PBAT/PPy2% scaffolds without laminin coating. However, Neuro2a failed to differentiate in PBAT when stimulated by treatment with retinoic acid (RA), but differentiated in PBAT/PPy2% fibers. We hypothesize that PBAT hydrophobicity inhibited proper spreading and further differentiation, and inhibition was overcome by coating the PBAT fibers with laminin. We conclude that fibers produced with the combination of PBAT and PPy can support neuronal differentiation.

Modulation of Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells by Polypyrrole: The Impact on Neurogenesis

“…Therefore, the use of PPy formulated as a scaffold, which can combine all these factors, enhances the ability of cells to differentiate. A recent study by Granato et al [ 38 ] investigated the differentiation of the murine Neuro2a cell line on poly (butylene adipate- co -terephthalate) (PBAT) fibers blended with PPy. The cells were cultured on the material for three days in the presence of media promoting neurodifferentiation.…”

Long-term adherence of human brain cells in vitro is enhanced by charged amine-based plasma polymer coatings

“…Amine-based monomers form amine-terminated plasma polymer surfaces characterized by a positive surface charge, which generally increases cell adhesion (due to attractive electrostatic interactions) and reduces cell clustering ( Dadsetan et al., 2009 ; Kirby et al., 2017 ; Palyvoda et al., 2008 ). While other systems introducing positive charge (mostly via nitrogen-containing surface functional groups) have been successful for multiple cell types ( Granato et al., 2018 ; Lee et al., 2017 ; Lee and Schmidt, 2015 ; Meade et al., 2013 ), plasma polymer surfaces were only demonstrated to improve adhesion for human fibroblasts ( Hamerli, 2003 ; Jacobs et al., 2012 ; Štrbková et al., 2016 ) and rarely studied for neurons ( Harsch et al., 2000 ) or other cells ( Smith et al., 2016 ). Other glass surface modifications for neuron cultures have focused on neurite outgrowth ( Cesca et al., 2014 ; Corey et al., 1991 ; Li et al., 2015 ; Liu et al., 2006 ) or neural stem cell differentiation ( Ananthanarayanan et al., 2010 ; Chen et al., 2018b ), but not sustained neuronal adhesion.…”

“…Previous research efforts have focused mainly on improving the surface attachment of non-neuronal cell types ( Hamerli, 2003 ; Lakard et al., 2004 ) or tethering growth factors to polystyrene cultureware ( Gomez et al., 2007 ; Gomez and Schmidt, 2007 ; Granato et al., 2018 ; Hamazaki et al., 2017 ; Leipzig et al., 2009 ). Cultureware currently used in neuroscience research was not designed to support the long-term adhesion of functional human neurons, and the specific biomaterial characteristics required are unknown.…”

Melting centrifugally spun ultrafine poly butylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) fiber and hydrophilic modification

“…In addition to the film based products, the fabrication of PBAT fibers has also attracted great attention, such as in the application of scaffold, 3 antibiotic-carrier mats, 4 in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis, 5 etc. Among the techniques for the PBAT fiber preparation, the melt spinning was considered as the most eco-friendly processing technology.…”