Polysaccharide‐Based Nanoparticles as Pickering Emulsifiers in Emulsion Formulations and Heterogenous Polymerization Systems

Abstract

Bio‐based Pickering emulsifiers are a nontoxic alternative to surfactants in emulsion formulations and heterogenous polymerizations. Recent demand for biocompatible and sustainable formulations has accelerated academic interest in polysaccharide‐based nanoparticles as Pickering emulsifiers. Despite the environmental advantages, the inherent hydrophilicity of polysaccharides and their nanoparticles limits efficiency and application range. Modification of the polysaccharide surface is often required in the development of ultrastable, functional, and water‐in‐oil (W/O) systems. Complex surface modification calls into question the sustainability of polysaccharide‐based nanoparticles and is identified as a significant barrier to commercialization. This review summarizes the use of nanocelluloses, ‐starches, and ‐chitins as Pickering emulsifiers, highlights trends and best practices in surface modification, and provides recommendations to expedite commercialization.

Carbon Dioxide Switchable Polymers – Recent Developments and Emerging Applications

“…Recent examples include lignin [ 44 ] starch, chitosan, and cellulose nanocrystals, the details of which have been reviewed. [ 45,46 ]…”

PVA/Inulin-Based Sustainable Films Reinforced with Pickering Emulsion of Niaouli Essential Oil for Potential Wound Healing Applications

“…Pickering emulsions are identified as a more effective and sustainable alternative to surfactant-stabilized (traditional) emulsions [ 22 ]. Pickering emulsifiers are defined as solid particles that collect at oil–water interfaces They are derived from nature and are a nontoxic substitute for surfactants in emulsion formulations [ 23 ]. Pickering emulsions based on polysaccharides have gained popularity in the last 10 years [ 23 ].…”

“…Pickering emulsifiers are defined as solid particles that collect at oil–water interfaces They are derived from nature and are a nontoxic substitute for surfactants in emulsion formulations [ 23 ]. Pickering emulsions based on polysaccharides have gained popularity in the last 10 years [ 23 ]. Even though inorganic particles such as silica, clay, and titanium dioxide have been used as Pickering emulsifiers, other studies have used modified cellulose, protein, and starch to improve biocompatibility.…”

Macroporous Aerogels Using High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsions for Adsorption of Dyes

“…35 In addition to chemical modification, the formation of polysaccharide complexes by electrostatic compounding of polysaccharides and the regulation of emulsion stability by adjusting the polysaccharide ratio are also methods to improve emulsion stability. 36,37 In this work, macroporous aerogel adsorbents were designed and prepared based on the high internal phase Pickering emulsions, as shown in Scheme 1. The hexane-in-water high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPEs) were stabilized by a polysaccharide complex originating from OSA starch and chitosan.…”

“…Chitosan with the character of thickening properties is applied to stabilize emulsions mainly by enhancing the viscosity of the continuous phase, forming a second layer on the negative surface of oil droplets, and strengthening the interfacial film . In addition to chemical modification, the formation of polysaccharide complexes by electrostatic compounding of polysaccharides and the regulation of emulsion stability by adjusting the polysaccharide ratio are also methods to improve emulsion stability. , …”