Polysaccharide nanomaterial reinforced starch nanocomposites: A review

Abstract

Non-biodegradable materials have caused serious environmental problems due to their inappropriate discard. Biodegradable and renewable polymers (e.g., polysaccharides), when reinforced with nanostructures, have been used to produce novel, efficient and eco-friendly materials with adequate thermo-mechanical properties as alternatives to replace conventional materials. The main advantages of fillers extracted from renewable sources in comparison with inorganic fillers are their reinforcing capability, low energy consumption, high specific mechanical performance, abundance, low density, and biodegradability. Reinforcing starch with polysaccharide nanoparticles is an appealing approach since both components are polar by nature and no compatibilization is required. These characteristics make them ideal candidates for the processing of polymer nanocomposites and their use in different applications such as food packaging, medical and pharmaceutical. Acid hydrolysis is the main strategy for preparing polysaccharide nanoparticles. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the preparation, characterization and properties of starch reinforced with polysaccharide nanomaterials. Future research needs in the area of polysaccharide nanomaterials are outlined.

Development of bionanocomposites of pectin and nanoemulsions of carnauba wax and neem oil pectin/carnauba wax/neem oil composites

“…Nanostructures addition in polysaccharide matrices may allow the preparation of nanocomposite films with improved physical properties. In addition, adding nanomaterials also improves barrier properties and stability of packaging . Bora and Mishra reported improvements in antimicrobial properties and an increase in the light barrier property of multifunctional films (pectin‐sodium alginate/casein) containing silver‐casein nanoparticles.…”

Effect of Sorbitol Plasticizer on the Structure and Properties of Melt Processed Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

“…Sorbitol is one kind of polyol. The active hydroxyl groups of sorbitol make it an effective plasticizer for some ‐OH or ‐NH rich polymers (Mohsin and others ), such as plant protein (Felix and others ), chitosan (Chen and Zhao ), starch (Dufresne and Castano ; Rompothi and others ), and so on. Also sorbitol is nontoxic and could be used in some food contacting materials and therefore, is a good choice to make food packaging materials.…”

Prospects for Replacement of Some Plastics in Packaging with Lignocellulose Materials: A Brief Review

“…CNCs are rod-like cellulose crystals with width of 5 to 70 nm and length between 100 nm and several micrometers, depending on the raw materials and processing methods . CNCs have excellent mechanical properties, optical properties, high aspect ratio, and welldefined dimensions (Dufresne and Castaño 2017;George and Sabapathi 2015;Scaffaro et al 2017). These properties render CNCs as potential reinforcements in packaging films (Scaffaro et al 2017).…”