Polysaccharides as Effective and Environmentally Friendly Inhibitors of Scale Deposition from Aqueous Solutions in Technological Processes

Abstract

In this paper, we consider natural and modified polysaccharides for use as active ingredients in scale deposition inhibitors to prevent the formation of scale in oil production equipment, heat exchange equipment, and water supply systems. Modified and functionalized polysaccharides with a strong ability to inhibit the formation of deposits of typical scale, such as carbonates and sulfates of alkaline earth elements found in technological processes, are described. This review discusses the mechanisms of the inhibition of crystallization using polysaccharides, and the various methodological aspects of evaluating their effectiveness are considered. This review also provides information on the technological application of scale deposition inhibitors based on polysaccharides. Special attention is paid to the environmental aspect of the use of polysaccharides in industry as scale deposition inhibitors.

Using Polymers as Crystal Inhibitors to Prevent the Crystallization of the Rotigotine Patch

“…Crystallization has long been recognized as a critical factor in formulation design, particularly in inhibiting crystallization to ensure therapeutic efficacy and safety [11,12]. For instance, polymers have been used in solid dispersions to prevent recrystallization and enhance physical stability [13,14]. In the case of transdermal patches, maintaining supersaturation of drugs to enhance permeation may increase the risk of crystallization 2 of 17 upon storage under incompatible conditions, leading to decreased drug permeation and reduced efficacy of transdermal therapy [15][16][17].…”