“…Among these substances, polysaccharides, which are the most important medicinal substances of D. officinale, attract many researchers' attention. Recently, polysaccharides have been proven to have positive effects on the improvement of antioxidant activity and alleviation of colitis, pulmonary fibrosis, and apoptosis (Huang et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2017a;Chen et al, 2018a;Liang et al, 2018a). What is more, the bioactivities, composition, structure, and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from Dendrobium have been well defined (Wei et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2018), and a number of critical genes related to polysaccharide synthesis have been characterized as well, such as uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylases (UGPases), sucrose-phosphate synthases (SPSs), sucrose synthases (SuSys), and glycosyltransferases (GTs) including cellulose synthase like A (CSLAs) genes (He et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2015;Shen et al, 2017).…”