Polysaccharides fromCordyceps sinensismycelium ameliorate exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress

Abstract

Context: Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc. (Clavicipitaceae) is a famous medicinal fungus (mushroom) in Chinese herbal medicine. Polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis (CSP) have been identified as active ingredients responsible for its biological activities. Although many pharmacological actions of CSP have received a great deal of attention, research in this area continues. Objective: The current study was designed to investigate the effects of CSP on exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress. Materials and methods: The mice were divided into four groups: control (C), low-dose CSP treated (LC), intermediate-dose CSP treated (IC) and high-dose CSP treated (HC). The treated groups received CSP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, ig), while the control group received drinking water for 28 days, followed by being forced to undergo exhaustive swimming exercise, and some biochemical parameters including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2 0 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured using detection kits according to the manufacturers' instructions. Results: Compared with the C group, exhaustive swimming time was significantly prolonged in the LC, IC and HC groups (p50.05); SOD activities in serum, liver and muscle were significantly higher in the IC and HC groups (p50.05); GPx activities in serum, liver and muscle were significantly higher in the LC, IC and HC groups (p50.05); CAT activities in serum, liver and muscle were significantly higher in the HC groups (p50.05); MDA and 8-OHdG levels in serum, liver and muscle were significantly lower in the LC, IC and HC groups (p50.05). Discussion and conclusion: The results obtained herein indicate that CSP could ameliorate exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Polysaccharides from Polygonatum odoratum strengthen antioxidant defense system and attenuate lipid peroxidation against exhaustive exercise-induced oxidative stress in mice

“…Inhibition of lipid peroxidation is essential for maintaining normal cell function [34]. MDA is one of the end products of the unsaturated fatty acid peroxidation in phospholipids, and has been widely used as a marker of oxidative stress [4]. In the present study, PPO significantly decreased the MDA levels in serum, liver, and muscle of various dose PPO treatment groups, indicating that PPO can effectively attenuate lipid peroxidation.…”

“…Specific sources of ROS during exercise include myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, NADH oxidase, peroxisomal oxidative enzymes, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) [3]. Under normal physiological conditions, ROS are neutralized through a complicated endogenous antioxidant defense system that is comprised of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants [4]. Antioxidant enzymes include glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase.…”

Effect effects of <i>Auricularia auricula</i> polysaccharides on exhaustive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress in mice

“…However, exhaustive exercise can produce a large quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to a dramatic increase in oxygen uptake at both the whole body and local tissue level [11]. Exercise can produce an imbalance between ROS and antioxidants, which is referred to as oxidative stress [14].…”

“…In the present study, AAPs significantly prolonged exhaustive swimming time of mice, which suggests that AAPs have anti-fatigue activity and could enhance exercise endurance. The delicate physiological balance between oxidative reactions and antioxidant capacity may be perturbed by intense physical activity [11]. Reactive oxygen species cause lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in biological membranes and blood [18].…”

“…MDA, SOD, and CAT were determined using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA), xanthine/xanthine oxidase, and ammonium molybdate colorimetric method, respectively [8][9][10]. Levels of 8-OHdG were measured using ELISA and those of GPx using a modification of the method of Rotruck et al [11,12]. Measurements were performed according to the recommended procedures provided by the commercial diagnostic kits.…”